1. Ancient Egypt

2. Mediterranean Sea Nile Delta Lower Egypt Libyan Desert Nile River
Sinai Peninsula
Nile River
Nubian Desert
The Red Sea
Upper Egypt

3. Found by Napoleon's army in 1799
The Rosetta Stone
Found by Napoleon's army in 1799
The Rosetta Stone had the same message written in hieroglyphics, demotic, and Greek.

4. Pharaoh
Nobles and Priests
Scribes
Craftsmen and Merchants
Peasants
Slaves

5. Ancient Egypt Experienced Three Time Periods :
The Old Kingdom
2700 BC BC
The Middle Kingdom
2050 BC BC
The New Kingdom
1550 BC BC

6. The Old Kingdom (2700-2200BC) Monarchy Menes
This was the Pyramid Age. (Over 80 were built)
The ruler was called the Pharaoh (King). This form of government is called a
Monarchy
The Pharaoh was considered a god. A nation ruled by the religious leaders is called a
Theocracy
Agriculture
The basis of the economy was
The Main crops were
Wheat & Barley
There were few slaves in this kingdom since there were few wars.
Capital city:
Memphis
Menes
The ruler who united Egypt:

7. Why did the Pharaoh wear a double crown?
To represent that the Pharaoh was ruler of both the Upper & Lower Kingdoms.

8. The Middle Kingdom (2050-1800BC)
Faced many problems:
Nile did not flood as much
Food shortages
Rebellions
Invasions
They were invaded by the Hyksos from Asia. The Hyksos had a weapon the Egyptians lacked,
The Chariot

9. The New Kingdom (1550-1100BC) Thebes King Tutankhamen (Tut) Ramses II
Used chariots to become stronger.
Conquered Nubia, Palestine, and Syria.
Began to use captives as slaves.
Thebes
Capital city:
Two famous rulers from this period:
King Tutankhamen (Tut)
Ramses II

10. The Great Pyramids at Giza
What was the purpose of the pyramids?
They were tombs of the Pharaohs.

11. The pyramid of Zoser, also known as the step pyramid.

12. The great pyramid of Cheops. It is 484 feet high and had 2
The great pyramid of Cheops. It is 484 feet high and had 2.3 million blocks of stone each weighing over 2 tons. The base covers 13 acres.

13. The Sphinx

14. King Tut’s
Death Mask
King Tut’s Mummy

16. If the Egyptians had many gods, what kind of religion did they have?
Sobek- crocodile headed god Kheper- god of rising sun Maat- Goddess of truth
of the Nile and justice
Polytheistic
Osiris- god of the dead Isis- wife of Osiris, Amon-Re- the sun god.
protector of children

17. Egyptian writing is called hieroglyphics.

18. This is your homework

21. Ramses II

23. Ruins at Thebes

24. The End