1. IN: Describe the mineral on your desk, use adjectives.
What is a Mineral? 11/16/14
IN: Describe the mineral on your desk, use adjectives.

2. 3-1 What are Minerals?

3. What is a mineral?
Solid
Inorganic
Naturally formed
Crystal

4. Mineral Facts
There are over 2000 minerals on Earth, but only 100 are commonly found.
30 minerals make up the majority of the rocks on Earth.
Nevada is #1 mining state in the Union.

5. Elements What makes up minerals?
Pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

6. What are elements?
All minerals contain one or more of the 92 elements present in the Earth’s crust.

7. Element Facts
There are 92 naturally occurring elements on earth but only 8 elements make over 98% of the minerals on the Earth's crust.

8. What are elements made of ?
Atoms
The smallest part of an element.

9. Most minerals are made of more than one element.
Compounds
A substance made of two or more elements that have been chemically joined.

10. Na + Cl  NaCl Example, Halite – NaCl – table salt
Made from a compound of sodium and chlorine.
Sodium-a highly reactive metal
Chlorine-a poisonous gas
Na + Cl  NaCl

11. What is a crystalline structure?
Crystals
Solid, geometric forms of minerals produced by a repeating pattern of atoms that is present through the mineral

12. Types of minerals
Two types of minerals
Silicate
Nonsilicate

13. Silicate minerals Contain a combination of silicon and oxygen.
Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust.

14. Example, Granite A rock composed of feldspar, mica, and quartz.

15. Nonsilicate minerals Do not contain silicon and oxygen.
10% of Earth’s minerals are nonsilicates.
There are 6 categories of nonsilicate minerals.

16. Native elements Minerals that are composed of only one element.
Examples,
Gold
Diamond
Copper
Silver

17. Minerals of Nevada http://minerals.state.nv.us/ Mining in Nevada
Mining is the largest industry in rural Nevada and a major contributor
to the state's revenue:
Nevada production accounts for 87% of the total US gold production
and is the third largest producer in the world behind South Africa and
Australia.
Nevada also leads the nation in barite and gypsum production.
Other mineral production includes copper, sand, gravel, limestone,
diatomaceous earth and specialty clays.
In 2004, Nevada mining directly employed 11,690 people at an average
wage of $63,388.
An additional 51,000 jobs were made possible by vendors of goods
and services to the industry.
Nevada mining provides approximately 100 million dollars in state tax
revenue every year. Thatʼs enough to buy one new high school ($51M),
300,000 text books ($20M),150 new school buses ($12M)and pay for 400
teachers' annual salaries ($17M).

18. OUT: How do we determine if something is a mineral?