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METADATA VALUE SPACE Almost all metadata standards require or recommend the use of controlled vocabularies for some elements.

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Presentation on theme: "METADATA VALUE SPACE Almost all metadata standards require or recommend the use of controlled vocabularies for some elements."— Presentation transcript:

1 METADATA VALUE SPACE Almost all metadata standards require or recommend the use of controlled vocabularies for some elements.

2 Revisiting Dublin Core ContentIntellectual PropertyInstantiation CoverageContributorDate DescriptionCreatorFormat TypePublisherIdentifier RelationRightsLanguage Source Subject Title Content data for some elements may be selected from a controlled vocabulary …

3 Metadata Value Space and Controlled Vocabularies  Content data for some elements may be selected from a controlled vocabulary: 1) Standardized vocabularies 2) Name authority control 3) Controlled terms

4 -- from Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, Version 1.1 Recommendations from best practices -- Value encoding schemes

5 Value space that should apply Syntax encoding schemes Examples from values associated with DATA element  1979  2000-03  2000-03-01  2001-01-02T21:48.00Z  200003  C1999, 2000  January, 1919  May, 1919  1987, c2000  ?1999  1952 (issued)  (1982)  1930?]  1823-1845  Between 1680 and 1896?

6 Value space that should apply controlled vocabularies / value encoding schemes Examples from values associated with LANGUAGE element  en  eng  en-GB  en-US  English  engfre  new  Korean  Deutsch  German LOCLANGUAGE:: German

7 Value space that should apply controlled vocabularies / value encoding schemes Examples: values associated with FORMAT element found in the research samples :  text  text/html  text/plain  plain  digital TIFF  image/tiff  other http://......../../../postscript.pdf  application/msword  application/Flash (animation)  ascii http:// ….../../../sample.txt  pdf http:// ….../../../sample.pdf  ps http:// ….../../../sample.ps  3.6 megabytes  1000149 bytes  language/java  Application/JAVA applet  Java  CLASS  Model/VRML  AVI, MOV, QTM  1 v. (various pagings)  10 p., [6] p. of plates  p.461-470  viii, 82 p.  MPEG-4

8 1) Standardized vocabularies  Resource Type (DC) http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-type-vocabulary/  Language (ISO) http://www.oasis-open.org/cover/iso639a.html http://www.oasis-open.org/cover/iso639a.html  Countries (ISO) http://www.oasis-open.org/cover/country3166.html  Geographical names (Getty) http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/tgn/

9 b) Name authority control  The Union List of Artist Names (ULAN) http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabu lary/ulan/ http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabu lary/ulan/  LC Name Authority file  VIAF (a hub of many) http://viaf.org/ http://viaf.org/  Local name authority files (Create your own)

10 c) Controlled vocabularies  Controlled subject terms  LC Subject Headings http://authorities.loc.gov/ http://authorities.loc.gov/  (LCSH available as Linked Data): http://id.loc.gov/authorities/ http://id.loc.gov/authorities/  Art and Architecture Thesaurus http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/ http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/  (and many thesauri and subject headings lists) http://www.metadataetc.org/book- website/readings/appendixbencodschemes.htm http://www.metadataetc.org/book- website/readings/appendixbencodschemes.htm

11 Create your controlled lists  Compile a list of suggested terms  based on dictionaries E.g., for object titles (Because objects usually do not bear title information.) Example: fashion items fashion items  Extract from available controlled vocabularies e.g., a set of terms for ‘postcard materials’ from AAT  “Folk” controlled lists e.g., GEM Controlled Vocabularies for Audience | Format | Grade | Language | Pedagogy | Relation | Resource Type | Subject

12 How to construct controlled lists The defining characteristics of a list is that: the terms 1. are all members of the same set or class of items (e.g., content type, language); 2. are not overlapping in meaning; and 3. are equal in terms of specificity or granularity (e.g., a geographic areas list does not mix continents with country or state names).

13 Example from LOM (Learning Object metadata) 5.2 Learning Resource Type Explanation: Specific kind of learning object. The most dominant kind shall be first. NOTE: --The vocabulary terms are defined as in the OED:1989 and as used by educational communities of practice. Value Space: ordered exercise simulation questionnaire diagram figure graph index slide table narrative text exam experiment problem statement self assessment lecture Using Controlled Vocabularies in Metadata Records

14 Source: The J. Paul Getty Museum's implementation of The Museum System software by Gallery Systems Build-in a pick list for creating metadata records

15 pick list link to lists controlled values 2 1 3

16 IBM Website, embedded metadata

17 In-Class Exercise  Make decisions about value spaces for your metadata project.  Point to value standards  Create at least one pre-defined term list


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