1. The Eight Parts of Speech
The classification of words

2. 8 Parts of Speech 1. Nouns 2. Pronouns 3. Verbs 4. Adjectives
5. Adverbs
6. Prepositions
7. Conjunctions
8. Interjections

3. 1. Noun
A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea.

4. Nouns
Some nouns we can perceive with our five senses. These are persons, places, and things.
Some nouns cannot be perceived by the senses. They are ideas, thoughts, emotions, and beliefs.

5. Examples Persons: - Thomas Jefferson - architect - girl Places - Salem
- library
- continent

6. Examples Things: - desk - barn - boot Ideas: - curiosity - health
- eternity

7. Common Nouns
Common nouns are a name common to a whole group. It does not specify a member of the group. (frog)

8. Proper Nouns
A proper noun is the name of an individual person, place, or thing. It is capitalized. (Blue Dart Frog)

9. Examples Common: singer river building Proper Mariah Carey
Mississippi River
GlenOak High School

10. 2. Pronouns
Pronouns are words used in place of nouns to avoid awkward repetition.

11. Pronouns
The word that the pronoun stands for or refers to is its antecedent.
Ex: Kim said she would call the airport. (Kim is the antecedent of she.)

12. 6 kinds of pronouns 1. Personal 2. Compound personal 3. Indefinite
4. Demonstrative
5. Interrogative
6. Relative

13. Personal Pronouns
Takes the place of a person’s name but may also take the place of things.
Ex: Monica is a dancer. She has the lead in the school musical.

14. Compound Personal Pronouns
Pronouns that are combined with the suffix -self or -selves.
Ex: myself, ourselves

15. Indefinite Pronouns
These are pronouns that do not refer to a specific person or thing. They sometimes have antecedents.

16. Example: The players practiced in the rain. Some got sick.
Players is the antecedent for the indefinite pronoun some.

17. No antecedent example:
Everything you say is true.
another no one
anybody everything
anyone either
both each
many one
few several

18. Demonstrative Pronouns
This, that, these, those: Pronouns that point to what they are referring to.
Example: This is the poem I wrote.
(This refers to poem)

19. Interrogative Pronouns
Pronouns that are used to ask questions. (Whose, Who, Whom, What, Which)
Example: Who won the game?

20. Relative Pronouns
Some pronouns are used to relate one idea to another and these are called relative pronouns.
Example: Mr. Talbott, who is the history teacher in our community, is an excellent cyclist.

21. 3. Verbs A verb tells what is happening in a sentence.
A verb expresses action, condition, or state of being.

22. 2 verb categories ACTION VERBS: Tell what the subject is doing
May be physical or mental
LINKING VERBS:
Link or connect the subject of a sentence with a noun, pronoun, or adjective

23. Action Verbs Examples: Collide (visible) Run (visible) Enjoy (not)
Decide (not)

24. Linking Verbs
Can be sensory (like sounds, looks, and tastes), can be verbs of condition (like grew, became, seemed), or can be verbs of being.
May have helping verbs with the main verb.
Example: This book is now regarded as a classic.

25. Verbs of Being
am - is - been
are - was - being
were - be

26. 2 kinds of action verbs Transitive: Who or what receives the action.
Intransitive: Nothing receives the action.

27. Examples (Transitive)
He moved the car.
Did they pass the law?
*Ask who or what receives the action.*

28. Examples (Intransitive)
He moved.
They passed.
*Ask who or what receives the action….in this case, there is nobody/nothing receiving the action.

29. 4. Adjectives Adjectives modify or describe nouns and pronouns.
They tell which one, what kind, how many, or how much.

30. Adjectives There is a row of yellow ducks.
YELLOW says what kind of ducks so it is the adjective.

31. The Articles
A, an, and the are considered adjectives because they modify nouns.

32. 5. Adverbs Modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.
Adverbs are sort of like adjectives.
*Tell where, when, how, or to what extent*

33. Examples: WHERE: They lingered outside. WHEN: The team left early.
HOW: The story ended happily.
TO WHAT EXTENT: The writing was totally illegible.

34. 6. Prepositions
Common way to link and show relationships between words.
Prepositions have objects.
Example: The doctor went into the house.

35. The preposition song!!
About
Above
Across
After
Around At

36. Song From In Inside Near Of Off On Before Behind Below Beside By Down
During
For
From In
Inside
Near Of
Off On

37. Song
Out
Outside
Over
Through To
Under Up
With
Without

38. 7. The Conjunction
A conjunction is a word that connects words, phrases, and clauses.
Conjunctive adverbs connect groups of words that could not stand alone.

39. Examples Conjunctions Conjunctive Adverbs And But Consequently SoOr
For
Yet
Conjunctive Adverbs
Consequently
Hence
Also
Furthermore
However

40. 8. Interjection
A word or group of words that expresses strong feeling or emotion.
Wow! Help! Oh no! Attention!

41. Source
Building English Skills