1. Europe Map Practice… Test COMING SOON Turn to the next blank page in your Europe Section and number 1-15 for Political Map Practice. Under that, number 1-10 for Physical Map Practice.

2. Opening What are “environmental issues?” Are there any that affect you and your family?

3. Possible Problems Pollution in air Pollution in lakes, rivers Littering What else?

4. SS6G9 The student will discuss environmental issues in Europe a. Explain the major concerns of Europeans regarding the issues such as acid rain in Germany, air pollution in the United Kingdom, and the nuclear disaster in Chernobyl, Ukraine.

5. Learning Target I will be able to explain the impact of smog on the economy and population of the United Kingdom.

6. Make this chart on the next blank page in your Europe section. SMOG in U.K. Causes Effects on the Environment Effects on the People Solutions

7. Causes Smoke + fog = SMOG

8. Air Pollution in the United Kingdom What are the primary causes of air pollution in the U.K.? Power stations Vehicle emissions Bad coal What effects does air pollution have on the environment of the U.K. and that of neighboring countries? Damage to vegetation Pollutes the atmosphere Damage to fish stocks, forests, etc

9. Examples of Air Pollution in the U.K.

10. Effects of Air Pollution on People Harmful to humans Creates acid rain Causes respiratory disease

11. Brainstorm Talk with your neighbor about possible solutions to this smog…

12. Europe’s Environmental Issues: SS6G9 What is it?CausesEffects on the Environme nt Effects to the people Solutions to the problem Real Historical Examples Air Pollution Creates smog when it is concentrated -Exhaust + NoX + Sunshine = Smog -Factories and power plants -Vehicle exhaust -Dense population (city) -Exhaust -trapped air -over production (Industrial Revolution) -seeps in everywhere -greatly harms plants and animals (food supply) -dense fog blanket -deaths & respiratory diseases (lungs) -Blackout (can’t see) -eyes and throat burning -closed business = no work -HUGE $ loss -car emission laws -Cleaner energy -sources -Carpooling -Less production Dec. 1952  Great London Smog (U.K.)

13. Smog in the UK: SS6G9 What Causes Smog? (3 min) news report on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JVcFps_gW pkhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JVcFps_gW pk 13 min Documentary on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vkx-2mT1-q4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vkx-2mT1-q4 Primary Source Pictures (use OPTICS to analyze): http://www.theguardian.com/environment/gallery /2012/dec/05/60-years-great-smog-london-in- pictures http://www.theguardian.com/environment/gallery /2012/dec/05/60-years-great-smog-london-in- pictures

14. Ticket out the door!!!! In your own words, you need to explain the IMPACT of smog on the UK’s population, environment, and economy.

15. Opening: Write a caption that explains each of these pictures (separately). Write what YOU THINK is happening here & why.

16. Acid Rain in Germany Causes of Acid Rain Effects on People Effects on Environment Solutions

17. Learning Target I will be able to explain the impact of acid rain on the economy, environment, and population of Germany.

18. SS6G9: Acid Rain in Germany Video explaining how air pollution creates acid rain: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2ryRDgCgCs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2ryRDgCgCs How does Acid Rain affect plants? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RValqMHlmsg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RValqMHlmsg Informative Websites on Acid Rain –Generally with diagrams and reasons: http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/acidrain.html http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/acidrain.html –in Germany: http://acidraingermany.webs.com/http://acidraingermany.webs.com/ Prezi on Acid Rain in Germany: http://prezi.com/d2dt9779sjbx/acid-rain-in-germany / http://prezi.com/d2dt9779sjbx/acid-rain-in-germany /

19. Acid Rain in Germany What causes acid rain? Acid rain occurs when factories’ smoke or vehicles’ exhaust containing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides go up into the atmosphere and comes back down to earth in the form of harmful precipitation (rain, snow, etc.) Dry deposits also fall from the sky when there is no precipitation.

20. Illustration of how acid rain occurs

21. Effects of Acid Rain What effects does acid rain have on the environment of Germany and that of neighboring countries?  Damage to vegetation  Damage to lakes, rivers and streams  Contamination of drinking water  Damage to buildings and monuments Sulfur deposits from acid rain are carried through the air causing acid rain in other countries in Europe.

22. Effect on Humans? Just read... No notes yet!

23. Damage Due to Acid Rain

24. How does ACID RAIN affect the economy of Europe TODAY? Damage to fish stocks and forests have great economic impact to local economy and international trade. Damage to buildings resulting in money having to be spent to renovate. Closure of many factories resulting in lost wages. All of these “fixes” cost money!!

25. What can be done about air pollution? Use of cleaner fuels, emission controls and advanced engine technologies. European Union members have agreed to the Kyoto Protocol, or reduce emissions of greenhouse gasses Find alternative energy sources Conserve resources

26. Acid rain and smog?? Cousins??? How are acid rain and air pollution related? Air pollution rises into the air and returns as acid rain in the form of precipitation or a “dry fall”. Air pollution is carried from the U.K. to other countries by air currents resulting in acid rain in those countries as well.

27. Europe’s Environmental Issues: SS6G9 What is it?CausesEffects on the Environmen t Effects on people Solutions to the problem Real Historical Examples Acid Rain Air Pollution (smog/ NOx) mixes with Rain Clouds Air Pollution & Smog (see air pollution notes) Excessiv e Burning of Fossil Fuels (NOx) Destruction of Buildings, statues, monuments …etc. Diseased soil = damages plants Diseased Animals & fish Contamina ted food & Water sources Massive $ loss (restoration s & repairs) Cut down on the pollution (see air pollution notes) Use of Clean Energy & Clean Fuels Germany: - Monuments -Buildings -Black Forrest destroyed

28. Reflection On the next blank page, create a warning poster/cartoon warning residents in Germany or UK of the dangers of smog or acid rain.

29. Optional Closing: Answer these ?s in complete sentences: 1)Find UK and Germany on a map. How does Air Pollution in one place create Acid Rain in another? 2)Would it be fair to blame the people of the UK for the effects from the Acid Rain that Germany has? Why, or why not? 3)Would it be reasonable to charge those people of the UK renovation taxes ($$)? Why, or why not?

30. Writing Journal- Put on next blank page in Europe Section of notebook. If you were told that you HAD to evacuate your home and you would NEVER be able to return, what is the one thing other than family you would take with you and why?

31. Learning Target I will be able to explain the causes and effects of the Chernobyl disaster.

32. Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster April 26, 1986 What was Chernobyl? When did it happen? How did the disaster occur? Consequences on people Consequences on environment What DID the government do and what should they have done differently? Nuclear power is ______.

33. A Cleaner Energy Source… Nuclear power, or nuclear energy, is the use of exothermic nuclear processes, to generate useful heat and electricity Cheaper and cleaner energy … as long as everything works correctly…

34. What is nuclear energy? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d7LO8l L4Ai4https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d7LO8l L4Ai4

35. Nuclear Plants around the Earth

36. Chernobyl

37. What and How? Chernobyl is a nuclear power plant in Ukraine, and on April 26, 1986, the nuclear power plant outside of this town had the worst nuclear disaster in history. An explosion occurred when scientists were doing an experiment. The explosion released radioactive material into the atmosphere. The release of this material resulted in long term environmental consequences in Ukraine and other countries across Europe.

38. Radiation Plume from Explosion

39. How Radioactive Materials Spread Through the Atmosphere

40. General Map of Chernobyl Fallout Throughout Europe

41. 1996

42. Radiation Animation: http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=_USpAPkAd5A http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=_USpAPkAd5A

43. Observations, Predictions…

45. Chernobyl Disaster, cont. Most deaths were attributed to nuclear fallout which was more than 400 times more than the amount of nuclear fallout caused by the bomb over Hiroshima. Evacuation and resettlement of over 360,000 people… didn’t start until 3 rd day after explosion! The Soviet Union tried to cover up the critical nature of the accident. –Firefighters did not know that the fire they were fighting contained deadly amounts of radiation poison. Most of these men died within 3 months after the accident.

46. Chernobyl Disaster, cont. The residents of the city of Pripyat, where the reactor was located, were told that the evacuation would only be temporary. To this day there are still personal belongings in homes in the city. Radioactive fallout experienced as “pieces” on people’s clothes all over Europe. By December, 1986, a huge concrete dome had been constructed to entomb the reactor.

48. How did Chernobyl affect the people? Agriculture in other parts of Europe suffered. Affected land made useless in the Soviet Union. Loss of jobs due to closed reactors Evacuation of homes Health issues- cancer, birth defects, death

49. What were the effects on the agriculture and economy? Land Contamination Economic impact on East and North European farmers Payments to victims and high medical costs Did not effect just Chernobyl, but spread to surrounding countries by air currents. This disaster still effects people and land TODAY. This nuclear disaster was the worst in history. Health Effects Video (4 min) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bPs2GSgeV6I http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bPs2GSgeV6I

50. Europe’s Environmental Issues: SS6G9 What is it? CausesEffects on Environment Effects on people SolutionsReal Historical Examples Nuclear Disaster Nuclear Power Station, creating cleaner & cheaper energy, made a mistake and one of the 4 reactors blew up filling the air with radiation. Everything contaminated (water, plants, animals, food…etc.) Deformed plants and animals *Spread all over Europe contaminating other countries -Cancers & other sickness & diseases - Had to move (refugees ) -Mental & physical disabilitie s -Gov. acted too slow *Long wait time in tasking action against the problem caused bad effects. - Evacuation -wearing gas masks -Spreading info -Laws Chernobyl in Pripyat, Ukraine: April 26, 1986  nuclear power plant exploded spreading toxic air all over Europe

51. Photos of the Effects of the Chernobyl Disaster

53. Articles: http://www.nuclear.com/ar chive/2012/07/03/2012070 3-002.htmlhttp://www.nuclear.com/ar chive/2012/07/03/2012070 3-002.html http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/ europe/4925838.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/ europe/4925838.stm http://www.wecf.eu/english /press/coverage/2011/fresh outlook-nuclearwecf.phphttp://www.wecf.eu/english /press/coverage/2011/fresh outlook-nuclearwecf.php

54. The USSR Gov’. covered it up! Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bPs2GSgeV6I Secret Documents: http://www.dianuke.org/secret-chernobyl- documents-expose-the-cover-up/ Articles: http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=w orlds-largest-movable-structure-seal-chernobyl- reactor

55. Media & Videos What Really Happened: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BfKm0XXfiis http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BfKm0XXfiis 10 Interesting Facts: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eWwhRjGBNb4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eWwhRjGBNb4 Websites: –http://www.paperlessarchives.com/chernobyl_nuclear_ac cident_doc.htmlhttp://www.paperlessarchives.com/chernobyl_nuclear_ac cident_doc.html –http://www.wagingpeace.org/menu/action/urgent- actions/chernobyl/http://www.wagingpeace.org/menu/action/urgent- actions/chernobyl/ –http://www.cbsnews.com/news/chernobyl-the- catastrophe-that-never-ended/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/chernobyl-the- catastrophe-that-never-ended/

56. Smog Acid Rain Similarities Chernobyl

57. EQ: How is a political cartoon different from one you would find in the Sunday paper?

59. Steps to Analyzing a Political Cartoon Look at your two-sided sheet…

60. Learning Target I will be able to construct a paragraph about the Great Smog in the UK.

61. Before Reading a Nonfiction Article Place boxes around the title and subtitles. Number the paragraphs. (11 of them) How will this help you?

62. “The Great Smog of 1952” Circle key terms (vocabulary). Underline causes of the smog. HIGHLIGHT the effects of the Smog.

63. Bubble Map Smog of 1952 Causes Effects Solutions NEW

64. For a Grade Using ONLY the information put on your bubble maps, write a chunked paragraph about how the smog impacted the United Kingdom. But I have a surprise about the writing! Guess what it is?

65. Chunk Paragraph Sentence #1: TS = Topic Sentence Tells what your paragraph is about Responds directly to the prompt in your own words Sentence #2: CD = Concrete Detail Provides an example from text to support your main idea “For example…” Sentence #3 and #4: CM = Commentary Sentences “This shows that…” or “This is important because…” Thoughts about your Concrete Detail in your own words Sentence #5: CS = Concluding Sentence “As a result” or “Further more” Wraps up your paragraph The last sentence in a body paragraph ALL Commentary. No new information or facts How did the smog affect the UK?