1. AP Lang and Comp Ms. Bugasch May 12, 2014 Goals 1.AP Terms 2.AP MC Practice 3.AP Essay #2 – The Rhetorical Strategies Essay

2. FFW – AP Terms Copy down the following terms into your notebook: 1.Syllogism is a form of logical reasoning from an arguable premise. A syllogism consists of 3 main parts: major premise, minor premise, conclusion. For example, all humans are mortal. Cara is human. Therefore, Cara is mortal. 2.Dramatistic Pentad is an investigative strategy where the writer creates and critics analyze the motivation for any and all actions. The five points are act, scene, agent, agency, and purpose.

3. AP Terms 3. Straw man is a logical fallacy in which diversion is used to avoid the real issue. For example, a straw man fallacy arguing against the use of marijuana may say that unrestricted drug use is bad for society. 4. Innuendo is an indirect or subtle, and usually derogatory, implication. It is an insinuation. 5. The Toulmin Model is a model form of logic to explain practice arguments. 6. Antimetabole is the pairing of two mirrored phrases or clauses, usually for effect. For example, “We do not stop playing because we are old, we grow old because we stop playing.”

4. AP Multiple Choice Review and go over correct answers for two passages

5. Essay #2 – The Rhetorical Strategies Essay This essay presents a passage and asks you to analyze the RHETORICAL and LITERARY strategies the author uses to create effect or meaning. Accurately IDENTIFY the devices the author uses and EVAULATE HOW these devices create meaning. Be sure you understand the EFFECT and the AUTHOR’S MEANING before you begin writing. Refer to the passage LIBERALLY, incorporating quotations into your own ideas. This essay is usually the second one in the exam booklet.

6. Accurately identify rhetorical strategies and figurative language – THESE ARE THE TERMS WE HAVE STUDIED ALL YEAR Examine how they create effects and help to build the author’s point. Do not just provide a list of the devices an author uses. Analyze intelligently by exploring the author’s ideas in depth and describe how the author’s presentation enhances those ideas. Dive into the depths of the author’s thoughts, and enjoy exploring and analyzing how such good writing enhances interesting ideas.

7. What to Do… Consider the implications of any information you may be given BEFORE the passage’s text about the author, the time period in which it was written, the author’s purpose, and what form of writing the passage presents (letter, speech, book excerpt…) SOAPSTone Know what the passage IS ABOUT and understand its overall MESSAGE – Subject Be sure you understand the author’s rhetorical PURPOSE – Purpose

8. Be familiar with common rhetorical strategies author’s use to develop their ideas: DESCRIPTION, COMPARISON/CONTRAST, ARGUMENTATION, EXEMPLIFICATION, NARRATION, CAUSE AND EFFECT Use ANY TERMINONOLOGY GIVEN IN THE PROMPT to help focus your reading, while looking for EXAMPLES to use in your essay Syntax – sentence structure, length, parallelism, inverted word order Diction – look for words or phrases you can analyze, especially pleasing or unusual ones that help establish the author’s tone, attitude, and purpose Figurative Language – look for examples of literary devices such as metaphor, simile, personification, irony, allusion… If the prompt doesn’t mention any, understand that you should look for the items mentioned above

9. Always ANALYZE, EXPLAIN, and CONNECT your examples to the author’s intended effect Use transitions to develop your analysis effectively (for instance, for example, so forth, so on, however, accordingly, additionally, consequently) Use verbs that lead you into analysis (the author suggests, implies, reveals, reflects, emphasizes…) Avoid words that lead you into summarizing (the author says, states, tells, writes…)

10. Helpful Tools Rhetorical Purpose: To convince the reader to think, do, believe, change X; personal, expository, argumentative Rhetorical Modes: Narration, Description, Cause and Effect, Process Analysis, Comparison, Example, Definition, Classification, Argument Rhetorical Strategies: Rhetorical Terms, Ethos, Logos, Pathos Style/Rhetoric/Language: Diction, Syntax, Figurative Language

11. Advice Stick to an analysis of the essay. Do not wander off into personal experience. Avoid clique words Identify and explain. Identifying is not enough. Don’t define terms. Anticipate objects Express relationships Provide support for a thesis Provide specific examples SHOW DO NOT TELL

12. CLOSURE Around the World

13. Homework 1. Read, review, and annotate pg. 30-32 2. Flashcards 3. AP MC Practice