1. Chapter 1

4.  A system of ________________________________ ____________________________________________

5.  Technology is the __________________________ ____________________________________________  Are interdependent.  How is life different now than it was in the late 1800s?

6.  Natural science ◦ Physical Science -_________________________________ ◦ ________________- application of physics and chemistry to the study of the Earth. ◦ Space Science - study of universe beyond _________ ◦ Life Science - ____________________________(Biology).

7.  Is the study of the muscle movements in the human body an example of biology or physics?

8.  Space and Time  Matter and Change  Forces and Motion  Energy

9.  The Universe is ____________________________ meters in diameter. ◦ The same as: 700,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 beach balls.  There are two characteristics of matter: ◦ ____________________  The basic building block of matter is the __________________

10.  _____________causes a change in motion. ◦ Something still-start to move ◦ Something moving-change direction  Two types of energy: ◦ Kinetic-__________________________________________ ◦ Potential-________________________________________

11.  The scientific facts of today will not change in the future.

13.  An organized plan for ______________________ ____________________________________________  The goal is to solve a problem or to better understand an observed event. ◦ How can you test if running in the rain keeps you drier than walking in the rain over the same distance?

14.  A scientific investigation often begins with making observations.  Observation – _________ _______________________ _______________________ ◦ How does your speed affect how wet you get when you are caught in the rain?

15.  ____________________________________________  If…then…statement.  If I run faster in the rain, then I won’t get as wet.

16.  Experiments – ______________________________ ____________________________________________  Manipulated variable – ______________________ ____________________________________________ ◦ The speed with which you walk or run.  Responding variable –_______________________ ____________________________________________ ◦ The amount of water you accumulate.  _______________________– only one variable, the manipulated, is deliberately changed at a time. All other variables kept constant.

17.  Does your data support the hypothesis? ◦ Walking Scientist – 217 grams of water. ◦ Running Scientist – 130 grams of water.  Scientific evidence supports our earlier hypothesis.  What happens if the hypothesis was not supported? ◦ __________________________________________________ ◦ New experiment must be performed.

18.  Can a theory be developed after one experiment?  Scientific theory –___________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________  Theories are never ______________, they only become stronger with evidence. ◦ Earth is flat, Earth is round, Earth is spherical.

19.  A statement ___________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________  Describes an observed pattern in nature without attempting to explain it. ◦ Ex: Law of Gravity

20.  Make it easier to understand things that might be too difficult to _______________________  Newer models continually replacing older models.

22.  Scientific Notation - ________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________  300,000,000 = 3.0 X 10 8  0.00086 = 8.6 X 10 -4  Multiplying? ◦ _________________the numbers that appear before the multiplication signs and ______________the exponents.  Dividing? ◦ _________________the numbers that appear before the exponential terms and _________________the exponents.

23.  SI system

24.  _______________– straight-line distance between two points (meter).  Mass – _____________________________________ ________________________________________(kg).  Volume – __________________________________ ________________________________________(m 3 ).  Density – ratio of an object’s mass to its volume (_______________) ◦ Kg/m 3

26.  How many grams in 160 mg?  0.160 grams

27.  Precision – _________________________________ ____________________________________________ ◦ The precision of an answer limited by the least precise measurement in the calculation.  Accuracy – _________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________

29.  Measured with a ___________________________.

31.  Scientists can organize their data by using data tables and graphs.  Data tables – relates two variables – __________________________________________.

32.  Line Graphs - Showing changes ◦ Manipulated – ___________________ ◦ Responding – ___________________ Figure 21 Plotting the mass of water against the volume of water yields a straight line. Slope = Rise/Run Steepness of the line

33.  Bar Graphs – _______________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________  Circle Graphs – _____________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________