1. Today’s Plan: 11/12/09 Bellwork: Blue Diamond #7 (20 mins) Go over quiz/update portfolios (20 mins) Animal Behavior stations (40 mins) Notes on behavior (if time) Pack/Wrap-up (last few mins of class)

2. Today’s Plan: 11/13/09 Bellwork: Vocabulary Quiz (30 mins) If you finish early, continue with behavior stations from yesterday Earthworm observation lab (30 mins) Behavior notes (the rest of class) Pack/Wrap-up (last few mins of class)

3. Today’s Plan: 11/16/09 Bellwork: Finish Worm Lab (20 mins) Finish notes (20 mins) Finish Animal Behavior stations (the rest of class) Pack/Wrap-up (last few mins of class)

4. Today’s Plan: 11/17/09 Bellwork: Test Q&A(15 mins) Unit 4 Test (as needed) If you finish early, work on missing work Pack/Wrap-up (last few mins of class)

5. Today’s Plan: 4/29/09 Bellwork: Guided study (10 mins) Go over study (15 mins) Unit 5 Test (the rest of the period) If you finish early do missing work Pack/Wrap-up (the last few mins of class)

6. Self-evaluation Figure out your grade without extra credit and compare to the grade with it. Any surprises? Did you spend the time that you needed on the test? Did imposing a time requirement make you more likely to slow down and check your work? Why or Why not? How did you prepare for this test? How will you prepare next time?

7. Adaptation  Response of an organism in order to survive in environment  Organisms well adapted tend to survive better than those who are maladapted  Can involve coloration, physical structures, behaviors, etc.

8. Plant Tropisms Phototropisms-growth toward light Because of Auxin-hormones that collect on the dark side of the plant to elongate dark-side cells Thigmotropism-growth in response to touch Gravitropism-growth of stems upward, roots downward –Because of amyloplasts-cells with starch grains that collect to “tell” the plant which way is up (like the otoliths in your ears) Chemotropism-growth of pollen tube Nastic Movements-viewable movements in response to stimuli –Thigomonastic: touch –Nyctinastic: daily light cycles (sunflowers follow the sun)

9. Plant Hormones Auxins-cause cells to grow, stop sprouting/spreading and hold fruit to the plant until ripe Gibberellins-cause germination and growth of seedlings, increase fruit size, and can promote flowering  Ethylene-Ripens fruit  Abscisic Acid (ABA)-promotes dormancy, blocks growth, stops effectiveness of other hormones

10. Animal Behavior Most behaviors of animals revolve around meeting the needs of these characteristics: Food gathering, protecting self, protecting young, Mating, rest, can you think of others? Many behaviors are adapted to the environment, just as physical characteristics are. Instincts (innate behaviors)are genetically inherited. Organisms exhibit them at birth. Reflexes are quick responses to stimuli, which the organism doesn’t think about or control. Learned Behaviors are acquired throughout an organism’s lifetime.

11. Examples of behavior Territory defense Courtship Hierarchies Migration Conditioning (Ivan Pavlov and his dogs) Cooperation Parental Care Imprinting (Konrad Lorenz) Why do these behaviors exist?

12. Rhythmic Behaviors Circadian Rhythm-pre-programmed sleep/wake cycle in animals –Exists in spite of light/dark cycles –Usually 24-hour cycle –Controls cellular behavior as well as organismal behavior –Also called a diurnal rhythm  Also called biological clocks Annual Rhythms-like circadian rhythms but occur over the course of a year  Includes estivation (summer inactivity) and hibernation (winter inactivity)  Also includes tidal or lunar rhythms-behavior changes in animals because of tides or moon cycles (interrelated)  Migration is also included

13. Plant Rhythms Photoperiodism-response of plants to varying amounts of daylight during year oWorks because of phytochrome-a pigment that absorbs light and tells the plant whether or not there is light oShort-day plants-flower in fall when there is less light oLong-day plants-flower in spring when there is more light