1. Integrating Societal Needs Into the Development of Climate Services Technical Conference on Changing Climate and Demands for Climate Services for Sustainable Development Antalya, Turkey 16-18 February 2010 Eileen L. Shea Chief, Climate Services & Monitoring Div., NOAA/NCDC 1

3. World Climate Conference-3 Better climate information for a better future The Vision for World Climate Conference-3 (WCC-3) Geneva, Switzerland 31 August–4 September 2009 “Enable climate adaptation and climate risk management through the incorporation of science-based climate information and prediction into policy and practice at all levels.”

4. WMO Global Framework for Climate Services World Climate Conference-3 (Sept. 2009; Geneva) More than 150 countries and 1,500 individuals participating “ Scientific knowledge must be the basis for global climate policy, both for mitigation and adaptation to inevitable impacts. The Global Framework for Climate Services is an important step toward strengthening the application of climate science in local, regional, national and international decision- making.” Ban Ki-Moon, UN Secretary-General 4

5. WMO Global Framework for Climate Services Strengthen production, availability, delivery and application of science-based climate prediction and services: – Global Climate Observing System – World Climate Research Program – Climate services information systems – Climate-user interface mechanisms; linking providers and users of climate services – Efficient and enduring capacity-building through education, training, outreach & communication 5

7. Climate Services Cycle Providers and Consumers working together Capacity Building Training Develop technical and leadership skills Infrastructure, computers telecommunications & instruments Observations High quality data NMHSs Land, sea, air & satellites Essential Climate Variables Historical Data Standards-interoperable Research, Prediction & Modelling Improve predictions Develop science-based pro- ducts on relevant scales Enhance observing systems User Interface Programme Sector applications Risk assessments Adaptation Decisions User/Provider Dialogs Requirements Review Information Systems Product and information delivery Models, projections & forecasts Global, Regional, National Scales

8. User interface in Disaster Risk Management Example of users in DRM Their needs and requirements International Regional National Development Banks & Agencies Humanitarian Agencies Multinational Companies (Agriculture, energy, transport, reinsurance/finance, etc) Regional Development Banks Regional Economic groupings Regional DRM Agencies River basin organisations DRM Agencies Ministries of Agriculture, Health, Environment, Tourism, Water,etc Cities & Local Governments Private sector Public Mechanisms for user interface UNDG IASC UN ISDR Global Platform on DRR Global Reports (GAR, GDR, etc) Regional DRR Platforms Regional Cooperation Projects National DRM coordination mechanisms / Platforms (Multi- Sectoral) Sectors Global risk assessment Global climate data and analysis Climate outlooks Forecast information Regional risk analysis Regional outlooks and forecasts Regional data Risk assessments national local sectoral Early warnings, Climate Outlooks Data Climate Services Information System At relevant levels Observations & Monitoring Research, Modeling & Prediction

9. 9 Decision Calendar Framework Hydropower Decision Calendars Oct Planning data decisions tion planning gmentation releases Municipal & Industrial Decision Calendars Oct Planning data decisions tion planning gmentation releases Aquatic Ecosystems Decision Calendars Oct Planning data decisions tion planning gmentation releases Outdoor Recreation Decision Calendars Oct Planning data decisions tion planning gmentation releases Agriculture Production Decision Calendars Oct Planning data decisions tion planning gmentation releases

10. A billboard on Pohnpei, in the Federated States of Micronesia, encourages water conservation in preparation for the 1997 to 1998 El Niño. In the islands, “water is gold.” Effective adaptation to climate-related changes in the availability of freshwater is thus a high priority. While island communities cannot completely counter the threats to water supplies posed by global warming, effective adaptation approaches can help reduce the damage. When existing resources fall short, managers look to unconventional resources, such as desalinating seawater, importing water by ship, and using treated wastewater for non-drinking uses. Desalination costs are declining, though concerns remain about the impact on marine life, the disposal of concentrated brines that may contain chemical waste, and the large energy use (and associated carbon footprint) of the process. 146 With limited natural resources, the key to successful water resource management in the islands will continue to be “conserve, recover, and reuse.” 530 Pacific Island communities are also making use of the latest science. This effort started during the 1997 to 1998 El Niño, when managers began using seasonal forecasts to prepare for droughts by increasing public awareness and encouraging water conservation. In addition, resource managers can improve infrastructure, such as by fixing water distribution systems to minimize leakage and by increasing freshwater storage capacity. 530 Adaptation: Securing Water Resources

11. PACIFIC CLIMATE INFORMATION SYSTEM (PaCIS) Steering Committee Representatives of participating institutions, key stakeholders and program experts Vision: Resilient and sustainable Pacific communities using climate information to manage risks and support practical decision-making in the context of climate variability and change Executive Director User Engagement, Education and Outreach Operational Climate Observations, Products & Svcs Research and Assessment User feedback / dialogue Public education materials Support local experts (including WSOs) Product development and evaluation Consistent and coordinated regional services Regional observation and data management Regional downscaling and local applications Understand climate extremes & consequences Assess vulnerability and inform adaptation

12. Focus on integrated climate-society system Early & continuous partnership with users essential: – Shared learning & joint problem-solving – Equitable attention to groups of all sizes – Stable, long-term commitment needed Problem-focused approach: – Understand place, context, history and decision making process as well as particular circumstances of specific groups – Useful & usable information responsive to user needs Promote climate literacy and regular communication SOME SHARED LESSONS 12

13. Products/services need to be on time and space scales relevant to decision-making: – Address today’s problems and plan for the future – Growing demand for decadal information for critical decisions such as infrastructure investments – Enhanced information related to extreme events, including attribution Address both process and products: – Continuous evaluation and adjustment Build on existing systems, institutions, programs, relationships & networks – Expand partnership between science & operations – Engage with trusted information brokers – Capitalize on unique assets, credibility and expertise of partner organizations SOME SHARED LESSONS (Continued) 13

14. Linking: Local to Global Process with Products Science with Society Facilitating Dialogue—Bridge to Stakeholders Develop, Deliver & Evaluate Products Extension, Outreach & Climate Literacy Observations and Monitoring Research and Modeling Shared Planning for the Future

15. PeoplePlacesPossibilities Partnerships Partnerships Understanding Risk & Enhancing Resilience INFORMATION SERVICES IN A CHANGING CLIMATE