1. Horn of Africa Overview Geographic Context UnderstandingtheHorn.org © UC Regents 2013

2. GEOGRAPHY Impact of landscape and climate © UC Regents 2013

3. 5000MILES5000MILES 4 6 0 0 M I L E S Comparative Perspective © UC Regents 2013

4. Physical Geography © UC Regents 2013

5. Geology © UC Regents 2013

6. More Geology © UC Regents 2013

7. Great Rift Valley 3,000 miles long © UC Regents 2013

8. Inter-Tropical Front ~ formerly called the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) http://people.cas.sc.edu/carbone/modules/mods4car/africa-itcz/index.html © UC Regents 2013

9. African Weather © UC Regents 2013

10. Climate Map of Sub-Saharan Africa © UC Regents 2013

11. Climate Zones in Africa http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Africa_Koppen_Map.png The Horn of Africa contains a range of climates: equatorial climate (dark blue)equatorial climate monsoon climate (tourquise)monsoon climate tropical savanna climate (light blue)tropical savanna climate warm desert climate (red)warm desert climate warm semi-arid climate (gold)warm semi-arid climate warm mediterranean climate (bright yellow)warm mediterranean climate temperate mediterranean climate (green/yellow)temperate mediterranean climate humid subtropical climate (light green)humid subtropical climate humid subtropical climate/subtropical oceanic highland climate (olive green)humid subtropical climatesubtropical oceanic highland climate © UC Regents 2013

12. Satellite View © UC Regents 2013

13. Weather and geography… Weather Hazards: Current weather hazards: September 01-07, 2011Current weather hazards: September 01-07, 2011 © UC Regents 2013

14. …impact humans.. Near Term Outlook: Estimated food security conditions, 3rd Quarter 2011 (August-September 2011) © UC Regents 2013

15. GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY The Human Experience in the Horn of Africa © UC Regents 2013

16. Geography and Climate: Farming systems © UC Regents 2013

17. … Livelihoods © UC Regents 2013

18. Population densities 2010 est. 2015 est. © UC Regents 2013

19. Language Groups © UC Regents 2013

20. Bantu Migrations © UC Regents 2013

21. Language diversity © UC Regents 2013

22. Themes in political history Local social, cultural and political systems Diversity Movements around region Trade Cultivators and Pastoralists Migrations Trade and Globalization beyond the continent Indian Ocean and Asia Arabian Peninsula Europe Religion Colonialism – different types Settler Protectorate Indirect Rule Independence struggles © UC Regents 2013

23. Recent themes Nation building Socialism, Harambee Non-aligned movement Development Structural adjustment Civil War Post-conflict transitions Authoritarianism Democracy and rule of law More globalization and exchange Asia (esp. China) Labor, migration Class, gender, ethnicity, age Environment Climate change Food security Water Global War on Terror Regional conflict and cooperation FDI, GDP growth Religion… etc… © UC Regents 2013

24. Nairobi, Kenya © UC Regents 2013

25. Understanding the Horn of Africa An online curriculum project of the Center for African Studies, University of California, BerkeleyCenter for African Studies This material was developed under a Title VI International Research and Studies grant from the U.S. Department of Education. However, the content does not necessarily represent the policy or views of the U.S. Department of Education, or imply endorsement by the Federal Government.International Research and Studies Principal Investigator: Leonardo Arriola Project Coordinator: Martha Saavedra Project Assistant: Tami Driver, Web Development: Kim Carl and Howie Lan Web Designer and Graphics: Casondra Sobieralski http://understandingthehorn.org/ © UC Regents 2013