1. The Birth of the Republic

2. Roman Republic Overthrew cruel Etruscan ruling family the Tarquins Formed a republic- Citizens have power United States is a Federal Republic Over 200 years Rome conquers its enemies (Latins, Etruscans, and the Greeks) Controlled entire peninsula

3. What was the Roman confederation? A plan to rule new conquests: citizens for their friends, for example, the Latin. Others were made Allies: Free to run local affairs Had to pay taxes Provide soldiers for army If they did all the above = Citizenship

4. Why was Rome so strong? The Roman Legion Excellent soldiers Owned land- had to serve Tough discipline - examples Problem solvers?????

5. Military Formation Phalanx at first What was wrong with this? Too slow Hard to control Reorganized – smaller groups called legions 6,000 men divided up into 60 and 120 soldiers

6. Weapons Pilum- shield disabling weapon Gladius Short dagger for close fighting

7. Legion Breakdown Cohort – Legion broken down into six centuries Centurion or Centuries – are 80- 100 men units

8. Contuberium Contuberium – Eight man tent group Centurion – commanding officer of a Century

9. Standard The Roman Standard was a pennant, flag or banner suspended or attached to a staff or pole which identified a Roman legion. Rally point, symbol of pride, way to communicate during and after a battle.

10. Roman Eagle Standard The Senate, the people of Rome Sen ā tus Populusque R ō m ā nus