1. Today’s Checklist Thinking outside the box Thinking outside the box Dear RND – Reading and discussion Dear RND – Reading and discussion Literary terms introduction Literary terms introduction What will your verse be? What will your verse be?

2. Literary Terms We will be using these literary terms throughout the semester.

3. We will use the following terms: Character AntagonistProtagonist DictionDenotationConnotation ImageryMoodPlot ExpositionRising ActionClimax Falling ActionResolutionConflict FlashbackForeshadowingSuspense Point of ViewSettingStyle ThemeToneFigures of Speech MetaphorSimileOxymoron PersonificationAlliteration

4. Character A character is a person or an animal that takes part in the action of a literary work.

5. Antagonist The Antagonist is a character or force in conflict with a main character, or protagonist. The Antagonist is a character or force in conflict with a main character, or protagonist.

6. Do you know your Antagonists??? On your paper take a few minutes to write down some Antagonists that you can recall from movies, television shows, and video games On your paper take a few minutes to write down some Antagonists that you can recall from movies, television shows, and video games Remember the Antagonist is in conflict with the Protagonist or, main character! Remember the Antagonist is in conflict with the Protagonist or, main character! Helpful hint – you should now know why people use the saying “Don’t antagonize me!” Helpful hint – you should now know why people use the saying “Don’t antagonize me!”

7. Protagonist The Protagonist is the main character in a literary work The Protagonist is the main character in a literary work Can you name some famous Protagonists that are found in literature? Can you name some famous Protagonists that are found in literature?

8. Diction Diction is the manner in which we express words; the wording used. Diction is the manner in which we express words; the wording used. Diction = enunciation Diction = enunciation Some easy examples are: Some easy examples are: Don’t say ‘goin’ – say ‘going’, Don’t say ‘wanna’ – say ‘want to’ Don’t say ‘goin’ – say ‘going’, Don’t say ‘wanna’ – say ‘want to’

9. Denotation The denotation of a word is its dictionary meaning, independent of other associations that the word may have.

10. Connotation The connotation of a word is the set of ideas associated with it in addition to its explicit meaning. The connotation of a word can be personal, based on individual experiences. More often, cultural connotations – those recognizable by most people in a group – determine a writer’s word choices.

11. Denotation versus Connotation Some examples – Cheap is “low in cost” (denotation) but “stingy” or “poorly made” are the connotations of cheap

12. Let’s use the word HOT The denotation (or dictionary definition – remember d in denotation = dictionary) of HOT is: having a temperature higher than that of a human body. However, when you say “Man! He/She is hot!”, are you saying “Man! He is having a temperature higher than that of a human body!”? No!! You are saying the CONNOTATION of HOT – which could mean a variety of things – man he/she is cute, attractive, beautiful, and many other meanings – those come from personal experiences and cultural meanings, etc.

13. Imagery Imagery is words or phrases that appeal to one or more of the five senses. Writers use imagery to describe how their subjects look, sound, feel, taste, and smell.

14. MOOD Mood, or atmosphere, is the feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage. Writers use many devices to create mood, including images, dialogue, setting, and plot. Often, a writer creates a mood at the beginning of a work and then sustains the mood throughout. Sometimes, however, the mood of the work changes dramatically.

15. Flashback A flashback is a literary device in which an earlier episode, conversation, or event is inserted into the sequence of events. Often flashbacks are presented as a memory of the narrator or of another character.

16. The movie Titanic is told almost entirely in a flashback. What are some other films that contain flashback to help tell stories? The Notebook Willy Wonka Think of some more… Flashback continued…

17. Foreshadowing Foreshadowing is the author’s use of clues to hint at what might happen later in the story. Writers use foreshadowing to build their readers’ expectations and to create suspense. This is used to help readers prepare for what is to come.

18. Can you think of an element of foreshadowing?

19. Suspense Suspense is the growing interest and excitement readers experience while awaiting a climax or resolution in a work of literature. It is a feeling of anxious uncertainty about the outcome of events. Writers create suspense by raising questions in the minds of their readers.

20. Setting The setting of a literary work is the time and place of the action. The setting includes all the details of a place and time – the year, the time of day, even the weather. The place may be a specific country, state, region, community, neighborhood, building, institution, or home. Details such as dialect, clothing, customs, and modes of transportation are often used to establish setting. In most stories, the setting serves as a backdrop – a context in which the characters interact. The setting of a story often helps to create a particular mood, or feeling.

21. Theme The theme of a literary work is its central message, concern, or purpose. A theme can usually be expressed as a generalization, or general statement, about people or life. The theme may be stated directly by the writer although it is more often presented indirectly. When the theme is stated indirectly, the reader must figure out the theme by looking carefully at what the work reveals about the people or about life.

22. Tone Tone is a reflection of a writer’s or speaker’s attitude toward a subject of a poem, story, or other literary work. Tone may be communicated through words and details that express particular emotions and that evoke and emotional response from the reader. For example, word choice or phrasing may seem to convey respect, anger, lightheartedness, or sarcasm.

23. Simile A Simile is another figure of speech that compares seemingly unlike things. Simile’s DO use the words like or as. Example: Her voice was like nails on a chalkboard. Can you think of other similes?

24. Metaphor A Metaphor is a type of speech that compares or equates two or more things that have something in common. A metaphor does NOT use like or as. Example: Life is a bowl of cherries. Can you think of other Metaphors?

25. Oxymoron An Oxymoron is a figure of speech that is a combination of seemingly contradictory words. Examples:Same difference Pretty ugly Roaring silence

26. Personification Personification is a figure of speech in which an animal, object, force of nature, or idea is given human qualities or characteristics. Example:Tears began to fall from the dark clouds.

27. Alliteration Alliteration is the repetition of sounds, most often consonant sounds, at the beginning of words. Alliteration gives emphasis to words. Example: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers