1. Understanding Basic Concepts in DRRM
Disaster Risk Reduction Network Philippines ( DRRNetphils)

2. The Philippines – a disaster risk epicenter
The Philippines lies in an area highly prone to natural hazards, owing to its location and geographic landscape.
Archipelagic with a long coastline
Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire: earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards
Along the Western Pacific Basin: monsoons, thunderstorms, inter-tropical convergence zones, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña.

3. Archipelagic with a long coastline
The Philippines lies in an area highly prone to natural hazards, owing to its location and geographic landscape.
Archipelagic with a long coastline
Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire: earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards
Along the Western Pacific Basin: monsoons, thunderstorms, inter-tropical convergence zones, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña.

4. EARTHQUAKE GENERATORS OF THE PHILIPPINE ARCHIPELAGO
The Philippines lies in an area highly prone to natural hazards, owing to its location and geographic landscape.
Archipelagic with a long coastline
Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire: earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards
Along the Western Pacific Basin: monsoons, thunderstorms, inter-tropical convergence zones, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña.

5. Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire – earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards
NDCC

6. PHILIPPINE
SEISMICITY
Magnitude 4 or greater
present

7. DESTRUCTIVE
EARTHQUAKES
OF THE PHILIPPINES

8. HAZARDS IN THE Eastern VISAYAS
Typhoons
Floods / Storm Surges
Landslides
Tsunami
Drought
Earthquakes
Epidemics
Agricultural (Infestations )

9. Archipelagic nature of the Philippine coastal areas - increases susceptibility to storm surges, tsunamis and sea level changes.
Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire – earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards
Lies along the western part of the Pacific Ocean – monsoons, thunderstorm, ITCZ, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña
Floods are common due to rains brought by typhoons and the monsoon.

10. Lies along the western part of the Pacific Ocean – monsoons, thunderstorm, ITCZ, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña

11. L L L L TROPICAL CYCLONE NORTHEAST MONSOON (AMIHAN)
SOUTHWEST MONSOON (HABAGAT)
INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE

12. Vulnerability in Southeast Asia
A January 2009 mapping study done by Dr. Arief Anshory Yusuf and Dr. Herminia Francisco of the Singapore-based Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia shows the vulnerability of Southeast Asia alone shows alarming trends.

17. Millions of Filipinos are at risk.

18. The Philippines ranks number one in the whole world in terms of number of reported disaster events within 2009.
In 2009 the Philippines ranked second in terms of population affected by natural disasters and third in the world in terms of number of people killed. (Source: CRED EM Data, Human Impact of Disasters, 2009).

19. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

20. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

21. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

22. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

23. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

24. Disaster Risk Management
a range of activities that contribute to increasing capacities and reducing immediate and long-term vulnerabilities to prevent or at least minimize damaging impact in a community

25. Disaster Risk Management Activities
Before the disaster
Prevention
Mitigation
Preparedness
During the disaster – emergency reliefs and responses
After the disaster
Recovery: rehabilitation and reconstruction
“Building back better

26. Disaster Risk Reduction
It is a proactive approach to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks to minimize loss of life, livelihood and property.
DRR incorporates aspects of good governance, sustainable development, risk (natural; human; and climate risks) assessments, knowledge and education, risk management, vulnerability reduction, disaster preparedness and response – guided by principles of human rights and security, gender equity and equality, cultural sensitivity and empowering participation.
It has been said that every $1 spent on risk reduction saves between $5 and $10 in economic losses from disasters (Eric Schwartz (UN Deputy Secretary General)).  

27. DRRM Framework

28. Traditional Disaster Cycle
Mitigation, Prevention, and Preparedness
Formation & training of local disaster committees
Early Warning Systems
Engineering Mitigation
Evacuation Routes
Risk Mapping
Short-Term Response
Search & Rescue
Emergency Food and Water
Temporary Shelter
Bridges
Disaster
The
Natural
Disaster Cycle
Emergency Phase
Pre-Disaster
Phase
Reconstruction
Rehabilitation
Long-Term Response
Road reconstruction
Social infrastructure reconstruction
Resumption of Production
Medium-Term Response
Transitional Housing
Provisional Social Services
Road Clearing
Income Generation
Water System Rehabilitation

29. Integrated Disaster Risk Reduction & Management Framework
Conceptual Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, UNISDR

30. NOON
DAPAT NGAYON
Disasters are unforeseen events which cannot be prevented.
Disasters can be prevented. We can prepare to avoid and reduce damage and loss.
Stress is on emergency response and recovery
Stress is on disaster risk reduction & management activities before the disaster – on prevention, mitigation & preparedness
People affected by disasters are helpless victims and passive recipients of external aid.
People affected by disasters are active actors in reducing their vulnerabilities, in emergency response and rebuilding their lives and livelihood.
People’s existing capacities are used and strengthened to reduce disaster risk and vulnerabilities
Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

31. NOON
DAPAT NGAYON
Disaster management is the sole responsibility of the NDCC, local DCCs and specialists such as the scientist, economist, social worker, government and NGOs
Recognition of the importance of community participation. Disaster risk management is everybody’s responsibility.
Stress on building capacity at the national, local & community levels for an integrated, multi-stakeholder and responsive disaster management system.
Focus on physical and material aid and technical solutions
Covers material, economic, social , environmental motivational aspects to reduce vulnerability
Focus on individual households
Focus on individuals, family and community risk reduction.
Linked to community development.
Donors (outsiders) decide on what the families and community need.
The community participates in decision making to prioritize needs and risk reduction solutions.
The aim of disaster management is to reduce immediate suffering and meet emergency needs.
The aim of DRRM is to reduce people’s vulnerabilities and increase capacities to better prepare and cope with disasters.
Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

32. Republic Act No “The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010” (Approved on May 27, 2010; Effective on June 24, 2010) * DRRM Act Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) – approved on September 27, 2010

33. Republic Act No
“An Act Strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System, Providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework and Institutionalizing the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan, Appropriating Funds Therefor and for Other Purposes”

34. Basis of RA 10121 The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)
Priorities for Action:
Governance
Knowledge
Management
Risk
Assessment
Disaster
Preparedness
Vulnerability
Reduction

35. Basis of RA 10121 Risk reduction tools are ready for adaptation use.
The Hyogo Framework for action is a critical guide.
Risk reduction tools are ready for adaptation use.
The Hyogo Framework for action is a critical guide.

36. The World Conference on Disaster Reduction held from 18 to 22 January 2005 in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan, and adopted the present Framework for Action : Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (here after referred to as the “Framework for Action”). The Conference provided a unique opportunity to promote a strategic and systematic approach to reducing vulnerabilities and risks to hazards. It underscored the need for, and identified ways of, building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters.3
Risk reduction tools are ready for adaptation use.
The Hyogo Framework for action is a critical guide.

38. international framework
Salient Features of RA 10121
Coherence
with the
international framework

39. Strengthened institutional mechanism for DRRM
Salient Features of RA 10121
Strengthened institutional mechanism for DRRM

40. Salient Features of RA 10121
Integrated, coordinated, multi-sectoral, inter-agency, and community-based approach to disaster risk reduction

41. Salient Features of RA 10121
Coherence with the international framework
Adherence to universal norms, principles, and standards of humanitarian assistance
Good governance through transparency and accountability
Strengthened institutional mechanism for DRRM
Integrated, coordinated, multi-sectoral, inter-agency, and community-based approach to disaster risk reduction

42. Salient Features of RA 10121
• Empowerment of local government units (LGUs) and civil society organizations (CSOs) as key partners in disaster risk reduction
Integration of the DRRM into the educational system
• Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (DRRMF) at the national and local levels
Providing for provisions on the declaration of a state of calamity, remedial measures, prohibited acts and penalties therefor.

43. Key Players under RA 10121 National Government Local Government Civil
Society
Community

44. Barangay DRRM Committee
Governance
Restructuring of Disaster Management Institutions
PD 1566
RA 10121
National DCC
OCD (Secretariat)
Regional DCC
Provincial DCC
City/Municipal DCC
Barangay DCC
Overseeing
Implementing
National
DRRMC
OCD
Regional
Provincial DRRMC
City/Municipal DRRMC
Barangay Devt.Council
Regional OCD
Provincial DRRMO
Barangay DRRM Committee
City/Municipal DRRMO

45. Governance
NDRRMC (Sec. 5)

46. Existing regional offices of OCD
Governance
OCD
CDOs
Chair
RDRRMC (Sec. 10)
Composition
(Rule 4, Sec. 2)
DILG
Disaster
Preparedness
DSWD
Response
DOST
Prevention &
Mitigation
NEDA
Rehab &
Recovery
Vice-Chairs
MEMBERS
Executives of regional offices and field stations of NDRRMC government agency members
Other entities that may be invited by the RDRRMC
Secretariat
Existing regional offices of OCD

47. LDRRMC Members
Governance
LDRRMC
Members
(Sec. 11(a))
Members

48. Administrative & Training
Governance
LDRRMO (Sec. 12)
DRRM Officer
Administrative & Training
Operations & Warning
Research & Planning

49. Governance
What governs DRRM implementation?

50. Governance

51. CSO Participation
Consultations with key stakeholders is required with respect to identification, assessment and prioritization of hazards and risks (Sec. 9(c)), development of a manual of operations for volunteers (Sec. 9(o)), and formulation of the implementing rules and regulations (IRR) of the Act (Sec. 25)
Multi-stakeholder participation in the development, updating and sharing of a Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Information System and Geographic Information System-based national risk map as policy, planning and decision-making tools (Sec. (6)(d)).
A system of accreditation, mobilization and protection of disaster volunteers, National Service Reserve Corps, CSOs and the private sector (Sec. 13)
Mobilization and utilization of their facilities and resources in DRR activities and during emergencies

52. CSO Participation
Consultations with key stakeholders is required with respect to identification, assessment and prioritization of hazards and risks (Sec. 9(c)), development of a manual of operations for volunteers (Sec. 9(o)), and formulation of the implementing rules and regulations (IRR) of the Act (Sec. 25)
Multi-stakeholder participation in the development, updating and sharing of a Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Information System and Geographic Information System-based national risk map as policy, planning and decision-making tools (Sec. (6)(d)).
A system of accreditation, mobilization and protection of disaster volunteers, National Service Reserve Corps, CSOs and the private sector (Sec. 13)
Mobilization and utilization of their facilities and resources in DRR activities and during emergencies

53. Sustainability Funding
NDRRM Fund – appropriated under the GAA; QRF = 30%
Uses of the NDRRM Fund:
Disaster risk reduction or mitigation, prevention and preparedness activities such as but not limited to training of personnel, procurement of equipment, and capital expenditures;
Relief, recovery, reconstruction and other work or services in connection with natural or human-induced calamities which may occur during the budget year or those that occurred in the past two (2) years from the budget year.

54. Sustainability Funding
LDRRMF - not less than five percent (5%) of the estimated revenue from regular sources ; QRF = 30%
Uses of the LDRRMF:
pre-disaster preparedness programs including training, purchasing life-saving rescue equipment, supplies and medicines;
post-disaster activities; and,
payment of premiums on calamity insurance

55. Thank you.