1. Mitigation can include structural and nonstructural efforts.
Disaster Mitigation
Mitigation reduces the impact of disasters by supporting protection and prevention activities, easing response, and speeding recovery to create better prepared and more resilient communities.
Mitigation can include structural and nonstructural efforts.

2. Structural Mitigation
Prevent hazards from developing into a disaster through structures
Examples include:
Building dams
Building seawalls
Hurricane proof buildings
Earthquake resistant structures

3. Benefits and Disadvantages
Benefits of Structural Mitigation
Financial losses lessened
Lower insurance premiums
Reduced rebuilding efforts
Disadvantages
Increased upfront building costs
Not 100% effective
Increased risk taking by occupants

4. Nonstructural Mitigation
Prevent hazards from disasters through administrative efforts
Example include:
Building zoning and planning
Building codes and enforcement
Education and training
Relocation

5. Benefits and Disadvantages
Benefits of Nonstructural Mitigation
Less costly than structural
Lower insurance premiums
Disadvantages
Less effective than structural efforts
Require greater public commitment

6. FEMA Disaster Mitigation Framework
The National Mitigation Framework discusses seven core capabilities required for entities involved in mitigation:
Threats and Hazard Identification
Risk and Disaster Resilience Assessment
Planning
Community Resilience
Public Information and Warning
Long-term Vulnerability Reduction
Operational Coordination

7. FEMA’s Mitigation Core Capabilities

8. Mitigation Coordination Efforts
The coordinating structures for mitigation range from the individual efforts to national coordination.
Includes involvement from non-governmental agencies, local government, and state

9. Federal Insurance & Mitigation Administration
FIMA manages the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) and a range of programs designed to reduce future losses to homes, businesses, schools, public buildings, and critical facilities from floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, and other natural disasters.

10. FEMA Hazard Mitigation Assistance
Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) assists in implementing long-term hazard mitigation measures following a major disaster.
Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) provides funds for hazard mitigation planning and projects on an annual basis.
Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) provides funds for projects to reduce or eliminate risk of flood damage to buildings that are insured under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) on an annual basis.