1. The Constitution & The Bill of Rights

2. Victory! = Independence Achieved

3. Now What? ► Republic = A govt. where citizens rule through elected officials ► Colony vs. National Govt. = Who should have more power? ► Articles of Confederation = Colonies / Nat. govt. share powers.  Failed = Colonies too powerful

4. Constitutional Convention ► Gathering of all 13 colonies in Philadelphia ► Great Compromise = 2 House Congress  House of Representatives (Big states more)  Senate (2 Senators per state) ► 3/5 Compromise = Slaves count as 3/5 of a person

5. The Constitution ► James Madison = “Father of the Constitution” ► Federalism = Divided power between state & national govt.  Delegated Powers = National Govt. (War, Treaties, taxes)  Enumerated Powers = State Govt. (Local laws)

6. Separation of Power ► 3 Branches of Government  Legislative (Create Laws)  Executive (President, Enforce Laws)  Judicial (Interpret Laws) ► “Checks & Balances” = Prevent 1 branch becoming too powerful

7. The Bill of Rights ► Demanded by population to protect their rights ► Amendments 1-8 = Initial rights demanded (Freedom of Speech, Press, Fair Trial) ► Amendments 9-10 = Limited powers of Federal Government