1. Lesson 5

3. The Ancient Fertile Crescent Area The Middle East: “The Cradle of Civilization”

4. Sumerians

5. Sumerian Religion - Polytheistic Enki Innana Anthropomorphic Gods

6. Cuneiform: “Wedge-Shaped” Writing

7. Cuneiform Writing

8. Deciphering Cuneiform

9. Your Name

11. A View of The Nile by Satellite

12. The Annual Flooding of the Nile

13. Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

14. Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs Ramses II 1279-1212 B. C. E. Tutankhamen 1336-1327 B. C. E.

15. King Tutankhamen's Death Mask 1336-1327 B. C. E.

16. The Valley of the Kings

17. Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)

18. Giza Pyramid Complex

19. Egyptian Math & Draftsmanship 110100100010,000100,0001,000,000 What number is this?

20. Hieroglyphic “Cartouche”

21. Champollion & the Rosetta Stone

22. Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic symbols

23. Your Name

24. Egyptians were also polytheistic Osiris Isis Horus

25. Egyptian Mummies Seti I 1291-1278 B. C. E. Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II 1210-1200 B. C. E. Ramses II 1279-1212 B. C. E.

26. Ankhenaton: First Monotheist? 1352-1336 B. C. E.

27. The Ankh – The “Cross” of Life

29. The Assyrian Empire

30. Assyrian Military Power Assyrian soldiers carrying away the enemy’s gods.

31. Babylon under the Chaldeans

33. Alexander the Great & the Hellenization of the Near East

34. Herod the Great’s Kingdom

35. Roman Palestine

36. The Spread of Christianity

38. The Jewish Diaspora

40. Expansion of the Muslims 622-632 Under Muhammad 632-661 Under Patriarchal Caliphate 661-750 Under Umayyad Caliphate

42. The Golden Age of the Ottomans

43. The Ottoman Capital -- Constantinople

45. Ottoman Empire Split up Ottoman Empire joined into World War IOttoman Empire joined into World War I On the German sideOn the German side Germany lostGermany lost The allies chopped up the Empire into smaller sectionsThe allies chopped up the Empire into smaller sections

46. The end of the Ottoman Empire

47. Recent History & conflicts in the Middle East Lesson #5

48. EVENTS in AFGANISTAN 1.Soviets invaded 1979 2.Soviets retreated 1989 in failure what failed?

49. Soviets invade Afghanistan, 1979 A mujahideen fightersmujahideen 1975 rebellion broke out 1978 modernization laws 1979 Rebellions flared – became violent Afghan government requested military aid from Soviet Union USSR invaded 1979 click

50. Watch first one min 1.Who invaded Afghanistan? 2.How many Afghanis died? 3.Who supported the rebels?

51. Chaos broke out in coming years Afghan government disintegrated Soviets provided only stability

52. Resistance fighters appear Mujahedeen “Mujahedeen” forms to resist Osama joins the fight USA supplied weapons to rebels Usāmah bin Lādin Mujahadeen started to win

53. Soviets retreat home, 1989 Soviets leaving Afghanistan Stinger Missile – contributed to end for Soviets Ten years went by Soviets took a beating Realized war was unwinnable Soviets evacuated _______ We proudly “beat” Soviets

54. Taliban government After soviets left, there was no government. Taliban appeared and took over… But, 10 years of war, and Afghanistan was A MESS We did not stay to help clean up

55. VERY strict society developed

56. Al Qaeda flourished

57. … and planned 9-11 Click: first 20 min, and 46-50

58. Impressions How did Osama become to angry at the USA? What will happen next?