1. Dr. Tal Lavian http://cs.berkeley.edu/~tlavian tlavian@cs.berkeley.edu UC Berkeley Engineering, CET Wireless Mobile Devices Patents

2. 2 What is a patent?  Invention that is new and useful What is an wireless mobile device?  Any device that transmits wirelessly for communication purposes Patents for Wireless Mobile Devices

3. What does a Patent do? 3 Patents protects intellectual capital for any technological innovation. Businesses use patents as a business tool not only for maintaining technology leadership but also for nurturing economic growth. In a rapidly growing industries, intellectual property (IP) can make the difference between survival and failure.

4. What does a Patent do? (Cont.) 4 Inventors and entrepreneurs need patents (and patent laws) for:  protecting their inventions in the very early stages of product development  determining the patentability of their invention  avoiding infringement of a competitor’s patent  and leveraging their patent as a business asset.

5. Recognizing Intellectual Property 5 When viewing things within an IP framework, you… Recognize inventions Detect and avoid infringement Distinguish confidential information from general knowledge Preserve confidentiality

6. Recognizing Intellectual Property Trademarks  Logos & symbols Copyrights  Right to reproduce an idea or information  Includes software Patents  Invention that is new and useful Trade Secrets  Non-disclosed information that is valuable

7. Wireless Mobile Device Patent Areas 7 Software Electronics, display (touch screen), Qwerty keyboard Java Transmission over wireless channels Data and speech coding Infrastructure: 2G, 3G, 4G, and Wi-Fi technology Obviously, the above list is not exhaustive

8. Wireless Mobile Devices 2013 8

9. Market directions 9

10. What is Wireless Communication? 10 Any form of communication that does not require the transmitter and receiver to be in physical contact Electromagnetic wave propagated through free-space  Radar, RF, Microwave, IR, Optical

11. Electromagnetic Spectrum 11 From: imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov.docs

12. Wireless Network Technology 12

13. Characteristics of Wireless Mobile Devices 13 Wireless  Limited bandwidth, high latency  Variable link quality (noise, disconnections, other users)  Heterogeneous air interfaces Mobility:  User and terminal location dynamically changes  Speed of terminal mobility impacts wireless bandwidth Portability  Limited battery capacity, computing and storage  Small dimensions More Signal Processing More Protocol Processing Higher Energy Efficiency

14. Evolution of Cellular System 14 First generation: Analog – Voice  Analog modulation, cellular phone (AMPS) with manual roaming Second Generation: Digital Voice & Data  Digital modulation Cellular and PCS phones with seamless roaming, integrated paging Third Generation (3G): Digital Multimedia  Unified digital access, voice, data, video music, gaming, m-commerce, sensor etc.

15. 15 Cellular Systems

16. Summary A wireless mobile device depends on information delivered by electromagnetic waves over various distances The efficiency and capacity of wireless information delivery has increased as a result of hundreds of extremely valuable patents A patent is legal protection of a new and useful invention; beyond protecting new ideas, it can be leveraged for profit The size, functionality, and attractiveness of mobile devices have also improved due to valuable patents 16

17. Next Week: Smartphone Patent War We will take an in-depth look at the many different battles comprising the patent war, including  Who’s suing who  Over what technology  And for what possible reasons We will also discuss alternatives to litigation, such as licensing IP