1. Home Communication Services page 1 A long-lived home-grown Linux-based low-cost leading mass-market service Pierre AUBERT & Eric OLIVERI FranceTelecom/Home Communication Services/Broadband & Internet Wanadoo Portals

2. Home Communication Services page 2 We talk about mass market net & computer engineering the #1 in France a simple web page the Big Picture : pure* Open source – Linux – PC hardware some thoughts about the past and the future works well, costs little delivers more from less

3. Home Communication Services page 3 The #1 portals in France wanadoo.fr – voila.fr – MMGs – IM/IRC… 65% reach – 13 M unique visitors 80 M pages to 4.2 M customers daily Every days peaks : 150 000 simultaneous users 1 Gb/s Internet content 5 000 new users/mn 100 000 web pages/mn transport conn/s, forks/s, SELECTs/s…

4. Home Communication Services page 4 We talk about mass market net & computer engineering the #1 in France a simple web page the Big Picture : pure* Open source – Linux – PC hardware some thoughts about the past and the future works well, costs little delivers more from less

5. Home Communication Services page 5 A simple web page …

6. Home Communication Services page 6 …, but … Mathopd Apache/C++ Apache/Oracle Solaris/Linux Apache/PHP/mySQL IIS/ASP/SQLsvr TUX LVS embedded firewalls

7. Home Communication Services page 7 We talk about mass market net & computer engineering the #1 in France a simple web page the Big Picture : pure* Open source – Linux – PC hardware some thoughts about the past and the future works well, costs little delivers more from less * well, mostly

8. Home Communication Services page 8 Not only a web server Front office Network* – Load Balancers* – Firewalls – DNS Web servers : Apache/Mathopd/TUX, mostly PHP Databases : mySQL, postgreSQL Back office Publishing – Content management Audience collection Databases** Supervision, backups, etc. * sometimes open source/Linux/PC hardware ** most often non-open source/non-Linux/non-PC hardware

9. Home Communication Services page 9 DNS databases content management audience collection supervision backups web farms load-bal cers + firewalls + routers redirect N x FRONT SERVICES databases other services IMAP, HTTP… VPN BACK SERVICES

10. Home Communication Services page 10 3 ways to deliver Web service Apache for dynamic content Mostly PHP, some C++, some SSI 20 M pages for 2.5 M users daily 12 servers : Bi-CPU Intel, type 1 – 60 Mb/s Mathopd for static content Maximize browser cache effect 2000 HTTP/second 6 servers : 1-CPU Intel, type 0 – 25 Mb/s TUX for redirection service Built-in Linux kernel 2500 HTTP/second – 2 Mb/s 3 servers (1 is enough) : 1-CPU Intel, type -1 ;–)

11. Home Communication Services page 11 Some other services Cookies (identity, tracking…) 1250 HTTP/sec 4 servers : 1-CPU Intel type 0 – 10 Mb/s Databases : authentication 1000 reads/mn – 150 simultaneous connections 1 server 1-CPU 1G RAM, type 1 Databases : search engine crawler 500 M docs – 4 Tb – 100k writes/mn 12 servers 2-CPU 5x72Gb each, type 1 WAN-LAN DNS : 4 servers 1-CPU Intel type 0 – Zebra (BGP/OSPF) Firewall + load-balance appliance : 1-CPU Intel, type -1 Tricks : lingerd, nscd, multicast… tuning : 20 000 sockets per IRC server

12. Home Communication Services page 12 Supervision etc. 60+ parameters per server on each of 1000 servers Net-SNMP, big brother/big sister, Perl… ad hoc monitoring (~ 30%) : 1 h to develop and deploy 20 servers 1-CPU Intel, type 1 At-the-fly graph generation : 50 000 parameters 300+ samples/s – 3 servers Bi-CPU Intel, type 1 RRD-Tool + SNMP managers (Perl) + Apache Env – Network – from HW&CPU to application internals Backups, storage Amandas self-planning, no routine restore 1/10th FTE 2 servers P2-400MHz 2,4To (2/GO/y)– cheaper than tape : (6/GO/y) backs up daily 300 servers

13. Home Communication Services page 13 We talk about mass market net & computer engineering the #1 in France a simple web page the Big Picture : pure* Open source – Linux – PC hardware some thoughts about the past and the future works well, costs little delivers more from less * well, mostly

14. Home Communication Services page 14 Lessons from the past Choose what fits best 1996 : from FreeBSD to Solaris 2003 : from Solaris to Linux voila.fr launched 1998 : Apache/PHP/Linux Service first system administrators are front-line diagnose and fix fast (or alternate service/systems) end-user satisfaction = systems health accounting transparency (CAPEX & OPEX per server/day)

15. Home Communication Services page 15 Lessons from the past PC hardware is a key factor Failures are facts not problems « Small is beautiful » : cost of redundancy is 1/N Competitive mass market sourcing PC operating system is hw-independent Reuse – assemble components Open source OS is a key factor Best use of hardware resources Flexible kernels – Excellent network support Application level Open source platforms – Internet applications Interoperability is in DNA

16. Home Communication Services page 16 Lessons from the past Design – skills Not a sequential « product » process Expert staff allow short & long term savings Efficiency Low-range (90%) = 3 to 5 k/year High-end PC servers cost 5+ times more Mid-range Unix servers cost 20+ times more Numerous distributed small systems scale at front office keep back office + infra stable distribute bandwidth, IO buffers, axis…

17. Home Communication Services page 17 We talk about mass market net & computer engineering the #1 in France a simple web page the Big Picture : pure* Open source – Linux – PC hardware some thoughts about the past and the future works well, costs little delivers more from less * well, mostly

18. Home Communication Services page 18 Costs little Some figures 1 system administrator for 40 servers 1 low-range server = 3 to 5 k/year OPEX Per unique visitor : 1 /year Per 1k web pages : 0.5 margin cost = 2 c OPEX, 3 c CAPEX Cost breakdown – OPEX 15% shell & core 15% hardware 15% bandwidth 5% maintenance/support 50% man power

19. Home Communication Services page 19 Costs little = « works » well Home page Solaris 12 Sun 4-CPU : 6 dynamic + 6 static content 400 k/year OPEX (amort. included) Additional CAPEX : 10 per 1k daily pages Home page Linux 18 PC 1&2-CPU : 12 dynamic + 6 static content 100 k/year OPEX (amort. included) Additional CAPEX : 3 per 1k daily pages works well

20. Home Communication Services page 20 Works well Voila.fr ranked* #1, Wanadoo.fr ranked* #3 (*) Googles home page always #1… but thats not a real portal home page Both fastest real portal home pages Unavailability mostly due to a sub-service : freewareexpensive : fees + maint ce + poor support Open sourceproprietary code : cant fix This sub-service delivers less from more ;–)

21. Home Communication Services page 21 Next Steps Convince top management that Open-Source solutions can replace proprietary one! Most agree on web front office (1-tier) Most disagree on 2 nd tier: Jonas,Jboss / Websphere, 9iAS All disagree on DB: MySQL, PostgreSQL / Oracle, DB2, SQLs Carefully select an appropriated database for your needs Deploy Oracle on PC + Linux+ attached disks (Instead of Sun + Solaris + SAN or NAS :)

22. Home Communication Services page 22 Thank you Some Open Source Oriented Question ? Pierre.Aubert@francetelecom.com Eric.Oliveri@francetelecom.com@francetelecom.com