1. Instructor & Todd Lammle
Sybex CCNA
Chapter 4: Cisco’s IOS and SDM
Instructor & Todd Lammle

2. Chapter 4 Objectives The Cisco router IOS Enhanced editing
Administrative functions
Hostnames
Banners
Passwords
Interface descriptions
Verifying your configuration 2

3. Cisco Router IOS Carries network protocols and functions
Connects high-speed traffic between devices
Adds security to control access
Provides scalability for growth
Supplies reliability

4. Router Access Console port (console) Auxiliary port (AUX)
Rollover cable, RJ-45 to DB-9, RJ-45 to DB-25
Auxiliary port (AUX)
Virtual terminal (VTY) 4

5. Connecting To A Cisco Router

6. Connecting To A Cisco Router

7. Connecting Via Terminal Programs
Establish a connection
Physical connection through console
9600 bits per second, data bits 8, stop bits 1, parity “none”, flow control “none”
Logical connection through VTY
Terminal programs
HyperTerminal, Microphone Pro, ProComm Plus, Telix, Tera Term 7

8. Bringing up a Router Boot-up process: 1: POST
2: Looks for the Cisco IOS from Flash memory
3: IOS loads & looks for a valid configuration;
startup-config
stored in nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM)
4: If a valid config is not found in NVRAM:
setup mode

9. Bringing up a Router
Boot-up process: 9

10. Setup Mode Basic Management Setup Extended Setup
Command-Line Interface

11. Command-Line Interface (CLI)
More flexible than setup mode.
To use the CLI, just say No to entering the initial configuration dialog.
Initial prompt consists of two parts
Hostname
Greater than symbol (>)

12. Logging into the Router
User mode:
Router>
Used mostly to view statistics
Privileged mode:
Router#
Used to view & change router configuration

13. Overview of Router Modes
Global changes:
config terminal or config t
Changes made to running-config (DRAM)
To change the startup-config (NVRAM)
config memory or config mem
Note: Any configuration changes need to be placed into RAM. Typing config mem or config net (from a TFTP host) will append the current running-config

14. Configuration Modes Global configuration mode Interface mode
Router(config)#
Interface mode
Router(config–if)#
Line configuration mode
Router(config-line)#
Router configuration mode
Router(config-router)# 14

15. Configuration Modes 15

16. Configuration CLI Prompts Interfaces Sub-interfaces Line Commands
Routing Protocol Configurations

17. Editing & Help Features

18. Editing & Help Features
Commands starting with a certain letter
Router#c?
clear clock configure connect copy
Enhanced Editing Commands
Router-Command History
Gathering Basic Routing Information
show version

19. Enhanced Editing Commands

20. Enhanced Editing Commands (cont.)

21. Router Command History

22. Gathering Basic Routing Information

23. Administrative Functions
The administrative functions that you can configure on a router and switch are
Hostnames
Banners
Password
Interface descriptions

24. Hostnames & Descriptions
Router(config)#hostname todd
todd(config)#
Descriptions
Atlanta(config)#int e0
Atlanta(config-if)#description Sales Lan

25. Banners Purpose: welcome message Types Delimiting character
exec: set EXEC process creation banner
incoming: set incoming terminal line banner
login: login banner
motd: set message of the Day banner
Delimiting character

26. Banners 26

27. Setting the Passwords 5 passwords:
1st two used to set your enable password
Used to secure privileged mode; Router>enable
Other three are used to configure a password in user mode via:
console port
auxiliary port
Telnet

28. Passwords Enable passwords Auxiliary Password Console Password
Router(config)#enable password cisco
Router(config)#enable secret cisco
Auxiliary Password
Console Password
Telnet Password
Encrypting Your Password
Router(config)#service password-encryption

29. Passwords 29

30. Passwords 30

31. Passwords 31

32. Passwords 32

33. Passwords 33

34. Interface Descriptions
Setting descriptions on an interface is helpful to the administrator and, like the hostname, only locally significant. The description command is a helpful one because you can, for instance, use it to keep track of circuit numbers.
Here’s an example:
Atlanta(config)#int e0
Atlanta(config-if)#description Sales Lan
Atlanta(config-if)#int s0
Atlanta(config-if)#desc Wan to Miami circuit:6fdda4321
You can view the description of an interface either with the show running-config command or the show interface command.

35. Router Interfaces Bringing up an Interface
no shutdown
shutdown
show interface
Configuring an IP Address on an Interface
Router(config)#int e0
Router(config-if)#ip address
Router(config-if)#no shut
Serial Interface Commands
clock rate & bandwidth (entered in kilobits)

36. Configuring The Time And Date36

37. Viewing, & Saving Configurations
running-config saved in DRAM
startup-config saved in NVRAM
copy run start
sh run
sh start
erase startup-config

38. Verifying Your Configuration
Tools:
show running-config
show startup-config
ping
show cdp nei detail
trace
telnet

39. Other Verification Methods
Verifying with the show interface command
Router#show interface ?
Verifying with the show ip interface command (layer 3 info)
Router#show ip interface
Router#show ip interface brief
Router#show controllers

40. Router Components
ROM
Flash memory
NVRAM
RAM/DRAM

41. Router Components ROM Read-only memory (ROM) Bootstrap program
ROM monitor firmware
ROM monitor mode
(>) or (rommon 1>)

42. Router Components Flash memory
Erasable, programmable, read-only memory (EPROM)
Contains the Cisco IOS
Can store multiple IOS
“show version” command
“show flash” command

43. Router Components NVRAM Nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM)
Special type of RAM
Not cleared when router is rebooted
Startup configuration file
“show start” command

44. Router Components Random access memory (RAM) Volatile
Information is not retain during router reboot
Running configuration
“show running-config” command
“show memory” command
“show buffers” command

45. Summary Go through all the written labs and review questions
Review answers in class 45