1. Plant Kingdom EQ: How do parts of plants function for the survival of the whole organism?

2. Plants With Seeds I. General Information

3. Plants With Seeds I. General Information A.Life Span

4. Plants With Seeds I. General Information A.Life Span 1. Annuals- reproduce one year/ die Snapdragons

5. Plants With Seeds I. General Information A.Life Span 1. Annuals- reproduce one year/ die 2. Biennials- reproduce second year/ die The Sweet William Dwarf.

6. Plants With Seeds I. General Information A.Life Span 1. Annuals- reproduce one year/ die 2. Biennials- reproduce second year/ die 3. Perennials – reproduce each year/ live many years The Plantain Lilly.

7. Plants With Seeds B. Tropism- a plant growing toward or away from a stimulus. B. Tropism- a plant growing toward or away from a stimulus.

8. Plants With Seeds B. Tropism- a plant growing toward or away from a stimulus. B. Tropism- a plant growing toward or away from a stimulus. 1. Positive tropism – plant grows toward the stimulus.

9. Plants With Seeds B. Tropism- a plant growing toward or away from a stimulus. B. Tropism- a plant growing toward or away from a stimulus. 1. Positive tropism – plant grows toward the stimulus. 2. Negative tropism – plant grows away from stimulus.

10. Plants With Seeds B. Tropism- a plant growing toward or away from a stimulus. B. Tropism- a plant growing toward or away from a stimulus. 1. Positive tropism – plant grows toward the stimulus. 2. Negative tropism – plant grows away from stimulus. 3. Examples:

11. Plants With Seeds 3. Examples: 3. Examples:

12. Plants With Seeds 3. Examples: 3. Examples: a. Phototropism = response to light – a positive tropism

13. Plants With Seeds 3. Examples: 3. Examples: a. Phototropism = response to light – a positive tropism b. Gravitropism = response to gravity where roots show a positive tropism and stems show a negative tropism.

14. Positive Tropism Phototropism

15. Sunflower tropism

16. Negative tropism Charles Darwin was one of the first to scientifically document that roots show positive gravitropism and stems show negative gravitropism. That is, roots grow in the direction of gravitational pull (i.e., downward) and stems grow in the opposite direction (i.e., upwards). Charles Darwin was one of the first to scientifically document that roots show positive gravitropism and stems show negative gravitropism. That is, roots grow in the direction of gravitational pull (i.e., downward) and stems grow in the opposite direction (i.e., upwards). Charles Darwinroots stems Charles Darwinroots stems

17. Example of Geotropism in the remaints of a cellar of a roman villa in the Archeologic Park in Baia, Italy GeotropismBaia, Italy

18. Negative tropism Gravity is used to signal root growth downwards and shoots upwards. (Shoots also use light (phototropism) to direct growth away from gravity.) Gravity is used to signal root growth downwards and shoots upwards. (Shoots also use light (phototropism) to direct growth away from gravity.)

19. II. Plant Parts

20. A. Leaves

22. II. Plant Parts A. Leaves 1. Photosynthesis

23. II. Plant Parts A. Leaves 1. Photosynthesis a. Definition: food making process in leaves using light energy captured by chlorophyll in the cholorplasts

24. II. Plant Parts A. Leaves 1. Photosynthesis a.Definition: food making process in leaves using light energy captured by chlorophyll in the cholorplasts b. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 b. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

25. II. Plant Parts A. Leaves 1. Photosynthesis a. Definition: food making process in leaves using light energy captured by chlorophyll in the cholorplasts b. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 b. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Carbon Dioxide

26. II. Plant Parts A. Leaves 1. Photosynthesis a. Definition: food making process in leaves using light energy captured by chlorophyll in the cholorplasts b. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 b. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Water

27. II. Plant Parts A. Leaves 1. Photosynthesis a. Definition: food making process in leaves using light energy captured by chlorophyll in the cholorplasts b. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 b. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Sugar

28. II. Plant Parts A. Leaves 1. Photosynthesis a. Definition: food making process in leaves using light energy captured by chlorophyll in the cholorplasts b. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 b. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 oxygen

29. II. Plant Parts A. Leaves 1. Photosynthesis c. Reasons photosynthesis is important to humans. important to humans.

30. II. Plant Parts A. Leaves 1. Photosynthesis c. Reasons photosynthesis is important to humans. important to humans. (1) Starts the food chain for all life forms. life forms.

31. II. Plant Parts A. Leaves 1. Photosynthesis c. Reasons photosynthesis is important to humans. important to humans. (1) Starts the food chain for all life forms. life forms. (2) Provides O 2 to breathe

33. oxygen oxygen

34. (2) Provides O 2 to breathe oxygen oxygen

35. (2) Provides O 2 to breathe oxygen oxygen

36. (2) Provides O 2 to breathe oxygen oxygen carbon dioxide

37. (2) Provides O 2 to breathe oxygen oxygen carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide / oxygen cycle

38. 2. Classification:

39. a. Veining a. Veining

40. 2. Classification: a. Veining a. Veining (1) Parallel

41. 2. Classification: a. Veining a. Veining (2) Palmate

42. 2. Classification: a. Veining a. Veining (3) Pinnate (a) opposite pinnate

43. 2. Classification: a. Veining a. Veining (3) Pinnate (b) alternate pinnate

44. 2. Classification: b. Edging / Shape b. Edging / Shape

45. 2. Classification: b. Edging / Shape b. Edging / Shape (1) Smooth

46. 2. Classification: b. Edging / Shape b. Edging / Shape (2) Toothed

47. 2. Classification: b. Edging / Shape b. Edging / Shape (3) Lobed

48. 2. Classification: c. Needles c. Needles

49. 2. Classification: c. Needles c. Needles (1) Single

50. 2. Classification: c. Needles c. Needles (2) Attached

51. 3. Transpiration

52. a. The evaporative loss of water from a plant in the leaves (the stomata). a. The evaporative loss of water from a plant in the leaves (the stomata).

53. 4. Cellular Respiration (in the Mitochondria)

54. a. The transformation of sugar into energy (ATP + heat). a. The transformation of sugar into energy (ATP + heat).

55. 4. Cellular Respiration (in the Mitochondria) a. The transformation of sugar into energy (ATP + heat). a. The transformation of sugar into energy (ATP + heat). b. C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy b. C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy

56. Flowers:

57. Flowers: B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction

58. Flowers: B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction 1. Flower parts and functions 1. Flower parts and functions

59. Flowers: B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction 1. Flower parts and functions 1. Flower parts and functions a. Pistil = female reproductive a. Pistil = female reproductive organ organ

60. Flowers: B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction 1. Flower parts and functions 1. Flower parts and functions a. Pistil = female reproductive a. Pistil = female reproductive organ organ (1) Stigma: Catches pollen (1) Stigma: Catches pollen

61. Flowers: B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction 1. Flower parts and functions 1. Flower parts and functions a. Pistil = female reproductive a. Pistil = female reproductive organ organ (1) Stigma: Catches pollen (1) Stigma: Catches pollen (2) Style: Allows a place for (2) Style: Allows a place for tube to carry sperm from tube to carry sperm from pollen to egg in ovary. pollen to egg in ovary.

62. Flowers: B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction B. Flowers: Purpose and Reproduction 1. Flower parts and functions 1. Flower parts and functions a. Pistil = female reproductive a. Pistil = female reproductive organ organ (1) Stigma: Catches pollen (1) Stigma: Catches pollen (2) Style: Allows a place for (2) Style: Allows a place for tube to carry sperm from tube to carry sperm from pollen to egg in ovary. pollen to egg in ovary. (3) Ovary: Contains eggs which (3) Ovary: Contains eggs which become seeds once they are fertilized by the pollen.

63. Flowers: B. B. 1. 1. b. Stamen: Male reproductive b. Stamen: Male reproductive organ organ

64. Flowers: B. B. 1. 1. b. Stamen: Male reproductive b. Stamen: Male reproductive organ organ (1). Filament: Holds the (1). Filament: Holds the anther up so wind and anther up so wind and bees take pollen. bees take pollen.

65. Flowers: B. B. 1. 1. b. Stamen: Male reproductive b. Stamen: Male reproductive organ organ (1). Filament: Holds the (1). Filament: Holds the anther up so wind and anther up so wind and bees take pollen. bees take pollen. (2). Anther: Produces pollen (2). Anther: Produces pollen

66. Flowers: B. B. 1. 1. c. Other flower parts c. Other flower parts

67. Flowers: B. B. 1. 1. c. Other flower parts c. Other flower parts (1). Petals: colorful to attract (1). Petals: colorful to attract insects insects

68. Flowers: B. B. 1. 1. c. Other flower parts c. Other flower parts (1). Petals: colorful to attract (1). Petals: colorful to attract insects insects (2). Sepals: Protects the bud (2). Sepals: Protects the bud before it opens. before it opens.

69. Flowers: B. B. 1. 1. c. Other flower parts c. Other flower parts (1). Petals: colorful to attract (1). Petals: colorful to attract insects insects (2). Sepals: Protects the bud (2). Sepals: Protects the bud before it opens. before it opens. (3). Receptacle: Base or (3). Receptacle: Base or “holder” of the flower. “holder” of the flower.

70. Flowers: B. B. 2. Sequence of steps for plants with 2. Sequence of steps for plants with seeds (reproduction). seeds (reproduction).

71. Flowers: B. B. 2. Sequence of steps for plants with 2. Sequence of steps for plants with seeds (reproduction) seeds (reproduction) a. Anther produces pollen. a. Anther produces pollen.

72. Flowers: B. B. 2. Sequence of steps for plants with 2. Sequence of steps for plants with seeds (reproduction) seeds (reproduction) a. Anther produces pollen. a. Anther produces pollen. b. Pollen is carried by wind or b. Pollen is carried by wind or insects to stigma of a different insects to stigma of a different flower. flower.

73. Flowers: B. B. 2. Sequence of steps for plants with 2. Sequence of steps for plants with seeds (reproduction) seeds (reproduction) a. Anther produces pollen. a. Anther produces pollen. b. Pollen is carried by wind or b. Pollen is carried by wind or insects to stigma of a different insects to stigma of a different flower. flower. c. A tube grows from the pollen through the style to the ovary c. A tube grows from the pollen through the style to the ovary

74. Flowers: B. B. 2. Sequence of steps for plants with 2. Sequence of steps for plants with seeds (reproduction) seeds (reproduction) d. Sperm cells that were in the d. Sperm cells that were in the pollen travel through the tube pollen travel through the tube to the egg cells in the ovary. to the egg cells in the ovary.

75. Flowers: B. B. 2. Sequence of steps for plants with 2. Sequence of steps for plants with seeds (reproduction) seeds (reproduction) d. Sperm cells that were in the d. Sperm cells that were in the pollen travel through the tube pollen travel through the tube to the egg cells in the ovary. to the egg cells in the ovary. e. Fertilization produces seed e. Fertilization produces seed (sperm + egg = seed) (sperm + egg = seed)

76. Flowers: B. B. 2. Sequence of steps for plants with 2. Sequence of steps for plants with seeds (reproduction) seeds (reproduction) f. Fruit forms around seed (ovary f. Fruit forms around seed (ovary where eggs were contained becomes the fruit)

77. C. Roots C. Roots 1. Tap root: Has long main root with 1. Tap root: Has long main root with tiny root hairs. tiny root hairs.

78. C. Roots C. Roots 2. Fibrous root: Spreads out as a 2. Fibrous root: Spreads out as a tangle. tangle.

79. D. Stems: D. Stems:

80. D. Stems: D. Stems: 1. Have Vascular bundle tissue 1. Have Vascular bundle tissue inside to transport water and inside to transport water and nutrients. nutrients.

81. D. Stems: D. Stems: 1. Have Vascular bundle tissue 1. Have Vascular bundle tissue inside to transport water and inside to transport water and nutrients. nutrients. a. xylem: “elevator” going up. a. xylem: “elevator” going up.

82. D. Stems: D. Stems: 1. Have Vascular bundle tissue 1. Have Vascular bundle tissue inside to transport water and inside to transport water and nutrients. nutrients. a. xylem: “elevator” going up. a. xylem: “elevator” going up. b. phloem: “elevator” going b. phloem: “elevator” going down. down.

83. D. Stems: D. Stems: 1. Have Vascular bundle tissue inside 1. Have Vascular bundle tissue inside to transport water and nutrients. to transport water and nutrients. a. xylem: “elevator” going up. a. xylem: “elevator” going up. b. phloem: “elevator” going down. b. phloem: “elevator” going down. 2. Annual Rings: Show the age in woody stems. woody stems.

84. E. Seeds: E. Seeds:

85. E. Seeds: E. Seeds: 1. Seed Coat: Protects the seed. 1. Seed Coat: Protects the seed. Seed Coat

86. E. Seeds: E. Seeds: 1. Seed Coat: Protects the seed. 1. Seed Coat: Protects the seed. 2. Embryo: The new plant. Embryo Seed Coat

87. E. Seeds: E. Seeds: 1. Seed Coat: Protects the seed. 1. Seed Coat: Protects the seed. 2. Embryo: The new plant. 3. Cotyledon: Stored food for the new plant (embryo) when it starts new plant (embryo) when it starts to sprout and grow. to sprout and grow. Cotyledon Embryo Seed Coat