1. ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 1 Introduction to Microcontrolllers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University ECE 2560

2. ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 2 Today The Course Syllabus Intro

3. ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 3 Course Philosophy and Objective Familiarize students the architecture, programming and use of a microcontroller. Learn to use an actual microcontroller Learn modern design technologies Learn what assembler language is

4. Embedded Systems Chapter 1 of text Microcontrollers are an efficient mean by which an embedded system can be implemented. Microcontroller include (on board) Processor Memory Clock I/O support and usually A-to-D conversion ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 4

5. An Embedded System? What is an embedded system? Not a personal computer!!! A cooking timer The burner and oven controller in your stove The ABS controller in you car The landing gear control system on a plane Features of an embedded system Very focused function Usually part of a larger system Most systems today rely on digital control ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 5

6. Examples There are about 100 embedded processors in each PC, not just the main processor. A car today has about 100 embedded processors. (ABS, sound system, engine control, emissions control, …) Electric tootbrush Washers and Dryers ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 6

7. Examples Washer/Dryer Others??? ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 7

8. A system to design A possible implementation ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 8

9. Salter kitchen scale An implementation ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 9

10. Tradeoff for systems Could implement the system with discrete gates, an FPGA, microcontroller ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 10

11. Microcontrollers History 101 Early device – Intel 4004 – 4 bit microprocessor – no onboard memory, timers, I/O support Over time On board memory, timers, A-to-D, etc  microcontroller Microcontroller has little if any OS support. Many have development systems. Microcontroller “OS” is typically a RTOS. ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 11

12. Microcontroller The Core CPU (ALU, registers) Memory – program and data I/O ports Internal address and data busses Clock ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 12

13. Added to core Watchdog timer Communication interfaces Nonvolatile memory for data A-to-D converter D-to-A converter Real-time clock Monitor, background debugger, embedded emulator ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 13

14. Memory Contains the binary information and typically addressed as bytes (words) The information stored there can be data or instructions In many microcontrollers instruction memory is stored in one-time or flash programmable memory. Addresses and contents typically expressed in hexadecimal ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 14

15. Volatile and nonvolatile memory Volatile – content is lost when power is removed – goes to 0’s Nonvolatile – content is retained Masked ROM – manufactured PROM – Programmable Read Only Memory One time (OTP) Programmable (UV erasable) EPROM Flash – EEPROM – uses a higher voltage to write contents ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 15

16. von Neumann Architecture Traditional architecture Diagram valid for Harvard Arch too ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 16

17. Harvard arch Note diagrams ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 17

18. The MSP430 Introduced in the late 1990s 16-bit von Neumann architecture – both address and data Low power RISC type architecture No pages or banks in memory making it simple to use. Can be programmed in C Has 16 registers in CPU ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 18

19. ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 19 Assignment Read Chapter 1 and 2 Assignments will be due 2 classes after assigned to the drop box on Carmen. No paper submissions – all are electronic. Go to ti.com and get code composer for the MSP430 – when downloaded and installed, run the 10 minutes tutorial. Also, buy the TI launchpad – $9.99

20. Code composer startup The startup Screen on Windows ECE 3561 - Lecture 1 20