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Hazardous Waste & Emergency Procedures for Laboratories 05-27-10 www.oehs.wayne.edu Adapted from:
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Satellite Accumulation Points areas where hazardous wastes are collected or stored: Located at or site of generation (lab). Allowed to accumulate up to 55 gallons of hazardous waste or 1 quart of acutely hazardous waste (P wastes).
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Characteristics of Hazardous Waste Ignitability Flashpoint <60 C Solid at STP capable of causing fire through friction, moisture changes or spontaneous chemical changes Oxidizer Corrosivity pH 12.5 Reactivity – Unstable – Reactive with water – Generates toxic fumes – Contains sulfide or cyanide groups – Capable of detonation Toxicity – EPA definition
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What is Hazardous Waste? Spent organic solvents Most “wash” solutions Most metals and solutions of metal salts Any mixture of non-hazardous waste with a hazardous waste Any waste which meets the characteristics of a haz waste
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Waste Collection Instructions 3 golden rules þ PROPERLY TAG AND LABEL WASTE AS SOON AS A NEW CONTAINER IS BEGUN. þ KEEP WASTE CONTAINERS CLOSED WHEN NOT ADDING WASTE TO THEM. þ STORE LIQUID WASTE CONTAINERS IN SECONDARY CONTAINERS AT ALL TIMES!
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Segregate Waste Properly Liquid waste should be separated into the following categories: – Acids – Bases – Halogenated organic solvents – Non-halogenated organic solvents – Trans. & heavy metals (aqueous solutions of Hg +, Ag +, etc.) – Air reactives – Water reactives – Cyanides and sulfides
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Chemical Waste Storage Use the proper containers: 5 gallon plastic carboys (from EH&S) triple-rinsed used chemical bottles Use secondary containment: plastic bins capable of capturing spills
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Keep containers closed except when adding waste!
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What’s wrong here?
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What’s Missing Here?
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Hazardous Chemical Waste Tags Waste tag # allows each container to be tracked. Do not separate copies. When requesting a pick-up, you must include the Tag #.
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Waste Labeling Instructions ATTACH TAG and write information when first waste is added to container. Write clearly in ballpoint pen – not marker. Write COMPLETE NAMES of all chemicals. this includes water (not H 2 0)
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Waste tags must be clear & legible! Replace or write over tags if it is too difficult to read the contents.
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Proper Labeling
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Sinks are NOT secondary containers!
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Make sure chemicals all are stored and maintained safely.
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Watch condition of containers, their contents and their labels Unknown chemicals must be identified before disposal.
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Special or “problem” chemicals Peroxidizables: ethers, dioxanes, tetrahydrofuran absorb & react with O 2 to form potentially explosive compounds over time. – label w/ date received & opened – use up or dispose by expiration date Picric Acid: explosive when dry, must be kept in solution
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Only uncontaminated or decontaminated glass & plastic can go into boxes. Boxes should be sturdy and in good condition. Uncontaminated Waste Glass & Plastic Disposal
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Minor Chemical Spills Use your discretion: A minor spill… – does not spread rapidly – does not endanger people or property except by direct contact – does not endanger the environment Consider: – amount spilled – hazards of chemical – if you have proper materials to clean up
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Cleaning up a minor spill... Wear gloves, eye protection, lab coat Prevent spread of liquid / vapors Neutralize acids and bases Absorb liquids w/ spill pads, kitty litter... Clean spill area with soap & water Decontaminate area & equipment Collect all contaminated materials in plastic bag lined garbage can Label and call EH&S for disposal
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Prevent Chemical Spills Reduce clutter, eliminate trip hazards/obstructions Store chemicals on sturdy shelves, away from edge, on shelves w/ lips Transport chemicals in secondary containers or in carts with sides
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Keep Hoods Clean & Orderly!
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Mercury Spills ALWAYS Report mercury spills to EH&S. Do not clean up or dispose of mercury on your own. Prevent spreading contamination. Isolate the area and call for assistance
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Mercury Collection If spill is contained, collect mercury and glass in sealed impermeable container or heavy duty plastic. Wrap thermometer in parafilm or tape, contact OEH&S for pick-up & disposal.
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Researcher Responsibilities Know the hazards of chemicals you use Ensure spills are reported/cleaned up in a timely manner Properly prepare waste for disposal Follow the law…you are a haz waste generator: Your lab is your responsibility!
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Emergency Evacuations ALWAYS LEAVE THE BUILDING WHEN FIRE ALARM IS GOING OFF!! TAKE THE STAIRS! Confine area: close doors / isolate spill Call Campus Security from external/cellular phone or campus Blue Light phone. Give your name, location, details of spill and secure area until responders arrive.
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