1. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration Chapter 5.3

2. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

3. Inverse Operation to Photosynthesis C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy (ATP) How organisms get energy from sugar.

4. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration KEY CONCEPT Cellular Respiration - converts sugar and O 2 into ATP - begins in the cytoplasm - moves to the mitochondria mitochondrion animal cell

5. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Overview 1st Stage: (In cytoplasm) Glycolysis glucose is broken down to pyruvate – anaerobic (without O 2 ) –Enzyme assisted –produces some ATP

6. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Overview 2 nd Stage: (In Mitochondria) The Krebs Cycle –AKA: The Citric Acid Cycle – pyruvate is broken down to CO 2 andH 2 O –Aerobic –ATP production

7. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Stage 2 (FYI) - The Krebs Cycle Pyruvate enters mitochondrion –Broken down further –Products: -1 CO 2 -1 NADH -1 coenzyme A (CoA) –CoA enters Krebs Cycle

8. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration 6H O 2 6CO 2 6O 2 mitochondrion matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane) inner membrane ATP energy energy from glycolysis 1 2 4 3 and Stage 3: electron transport chain produces a large amount of ATP. –in inner membrane –O2–O2 –36 ATP produced –CO 2 & H 2 O released as a waste products Electron Transport

9. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Krebs Cycle Animation http://www.qcc.cuny.edu/BiologicalSciences/Faculty/DMe yer/respiration.htmlhttp://www.qcc.cuny.edu/BiologicalSciences/Faculty/DMe yer/respiration.html

10. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

11. The equation for the overall process is: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O Formula is a reverse of formula for photosynthesis

12. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration KEY CONCEPT Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue without oxygen. (anaerobic)

13. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Fermentation Produces water, alcohol & carbon dioxide The two types of fermentation are: – alcohol fermentation –lactic acid fermentation.

14. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Fermentation Many bacteria carry out alcohol fermentation under anaerobic conditions Fungi such as yeast carry out fermentation Humans use fermentation, in their muscle cells (lactic acid) Some plants use fermentation

15. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Fermentation is used in food production. –yogurt –cheese –bread –wine

16. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Overview Yeast is a single-celled fungi. It cannot make its own food It must each sugar from another source. They grow on their food source Enzymes are released to break down the sugar This is absorbed and used as food by the fungi.

17. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Overview C 6 H 12 O 6 = 2CH 3 CH 2 OH + 2CO 2 + energy Glucose ethyl alcohol carbon dioxide We use the waste products –(beer, wine, yogurt, cheese)

18. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Yeast Fermentation Lab Get into groups of 4 Pick up one lab sheet per group Put ALL names on the lab sheet (1 st & Last)

19. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Stop Here

20. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Determining Your Experiment Send one person to me to select 2 cards These indicate your experimental group number and what foods you will be feeding your yeast. Group # indicates the number of sugar packets you will need The other word is a different form of sweetener you will experiment with.

21. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Materials needed in each group: 2 water bottles Sugar packets –(what number did your group draw?) The alternate sweetener 2 packets of yeast. 2 balloons

22. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration The experiment Pour water from your bottle into the glass beaker. Heat to 110° F Pour back into water bottle Add 1 yeast packet & stir until dissolved Do the same with the 2 nd bottle of water

23. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Experiment Do this with a partner: Add the # of sugar packets for your group to one bottle. Immediately cover the bottle top with a balloon Swirl the water to mix the sugar & yeast mixture Start timing 5 minutes In the other bottle instead of sugar add the different sweetener. Immediately cap with a balloon and swirl Time for 5 minutes

24. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Experiment Every 5 minutes: Use the ribbon to measure the widest part of the balloon Use a ruler or meter stick to get the cm measurement Write this data on your chart.

25. 5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Save your Data Tomorrow we will go over and share our data Clean up your area Return all borrowed materials Dump water bottles down the sink Rinse bottles and put in blue recycling bin in front of room