1. Wilga, 24.05.20071/32 MazePi - Extended Air Shower and GRB coincidence check via SOA Marcin Molak Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Physics

2. Wilga, 24.05.20072/32 Plan of presentation: Origin of UHE Cosmic Rays: –Astrophysical Sources (bottom-up mechanisms) –Top-down scenarios Methods of CR Detection MazePi system –Maze and pre-Maze comparison –Why SOA and WebServices? –On-line analysis (Php + Ajax)

3. Wilga, 24.05.20073/32 Cosmic Rays High energy, extraterrestric particles –Primary cosmic rays 98% fully ionized atoms (mainly hydrogen & helium) <1% electrons <1% photons –Secondary cosmic rays Particles generated in the atmosphere by primary CR WARNING: About 100.000 cosmic rays will hit you until next hour

4. Wilga, 24.05.20074/32 Origin of Cosmic Rays „Bottom-up” models – acceleration mechanism, connected with astrophysical sources „Top-down” models – origin of cosmic rays through decay of sufficiently massive particles X originating from processes in the early Universe. Hybrid models

5. Wilga, 24.05.20075/32 Source: Neutron Stars Pulsars and magnetars – neutron stars with surface magnetic field up to 10 15 Gauss (acceleration of charged nuclei up to 10 15 eV)

6. Wilga, 24.05.20076/32 Source: Active Galactic Nuclei Acceleration, during photo-pion production, up to 10 18 eV (adiabatic deceleration problem)

7. Wilga, 24.05.20077/32 Source: Fanaroff-Riley type II radio-galaxies Acceleration in hot-spots of Fanarotf-Riley II galaxies (up to 10 21 eV, no adiabatic deceleration problem)

8. Wilga, 24.05.20078/32 Other Candidate Sources Super massive Black Holes (~ 10 9 M Θ ) Clusters of Galaxies Colliding Galaxies Gamma Ray Bursts

9. Wilga, 24.05.20079/32  - Lorentz factor Z – charge of the nucleus B – magnetic field value R – linear dimension of the object Sources - summary

10. Wilga, 24.05.200710/32 GZK Cut-off (Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin) e    cm ) p GZK-Cutoff p+  CMB p+  0 (>50EeV) -3

11. Wilga, 24.05.200711/32 Direct measurements Ballons Satellites

12. Wilga, 24.05.200712/32 If a charged particle in a specific medium (e.g. water) moves faster than the light in this medium a wave-front of light is emitted. Water-Cherenkov detector

13. Wilga, 24.05.200713/32 Scintillation detectors in ground arrays for Extensive Ray Showers

14. Wilga, 24.05.200714/32

15. Wilga, 24.05.200715/32 Roland Mazé project Detection points would being placed on the roofs of Lódź schools. Each of station will be equipped with: –4 scintillation counters (1m2 area, 10m distance separation) with ADC –GPS Motorola M12+ Timing with antenna –PC-class computer

16. Wilga, 24.05.200716/32 Maze and preMaze comparison On top: preMaze apparatus map On left: Map of secondary schools in Łódź

17. Wilga, 24.05.200717/32 CR and GRB coincidence check Few reports for correlation of cosmic rays and GRB: –Milagrito – 18 events were observed during 18 s of GRB970417a (expected background: 3.46 ± 0.11) –HEGRA – AIROBICC – 11 events were registered during 4 min after GRB020925c (estimated background 0.93) We proposed MazePi system, which consists of Pi of the Sky and Roland Mazé projects

18. Wilga, 24.05.200718/32 MazePi system MazePi DB Station 1 Station i Maze IPJ Łódź Main Server SOAP Clients MazePi Server SOAP Web Services DB Trigger Trigger Broadcast System Pi Server Pi DB PiMan SOAP Clients … On-line analysis

19. Wilga, 24.05.200719/32 Service Oriented Architecture

20. Wilga, 24.05.200720/32 Service Oriented Architecture Why SOA? Wikipedia answer: The main drivers for SOA adoption are that it links computational resources and promotes their reuse. Enterprise architects believe that SOA can help businesses respond more quickly and cost-effectively to changing market conditions. This style of architecture promotes reuse at the macro (service) level rather than micro level (objects). It can also simplify interconnection to - and usage of - existing IT (legacy) assets.

21. Wilga, 24.05.200721/32 Web Services Works on heterogeneous systems (almost all machine and software platforms) Uses XML-based protocols: –SOAP - extensible message envelope format for data transfer –WSDL - allows service interfaces to be described –UDDI - for publishing and discovering metadata about Web services

22. Wilga, 24.05.200722/32 eXtensible Markup Language John Doe Peter Pan Database systems 29 SQL relational XPath /book /book/authors /book/authors/author /book/authors/author/@id (...) book title price author authors author keywords keyword id=47 id=58 SQLrelational Database Systems 29 John DoePeter Pan

23. Wilga, 24.05.200723/32 MazePi AddToDatabase Service (1)

24. Wilga, 24.05.200724/32 MazePi AddToDatabase Service (2)

25. Wilga, 24.05.200725/32 MazePi AddToDatabase Service (3)

26. Wilga, 24.05.200726/32

27. Wilga, 24.05.200727/32

28. Wilga, 24.05.200728/32

29. Wilga, 24.05.200729/32

30. Wilga, 24.05.200730/32 Bibliography Bhattacharjee, Sigl „Origin and Propagation of Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays”, astro-ph/9811011 Stanev „Ultra high energy cosmic rays”, astro-ph/0411113 Wikipedia (english version)

31. Wilga, 24.05.200731/32 Links „Pi of the Sky”homepage (http://grb.fuw.edu.pl)http://grb.fuw.edu.pl Roland Mazé project homepage (http://www.u.lodz.pl/~wibig/maze)http://www.u.lodz.pl/~wibig/maze MazePi homepage (http://mazepi.fuw.edu.pl)http://mazepi.fuw.edu.pl Marcin Molak – Notatnik Programisty (http://mmolak.blogspot.com)http://mmolak.blogspot.com

32. Wilga, 24.05.200732/32 Thank you for your attention