1. The main characteristics of the Victorian Novel Martina Coccolo 5b

2. Victorian novel, a photograph of social reality Industrial Revolution “the piston of the steam-engine worked monotonously up and down” Utilitarism “you saw nothing in Coketown but what was severely workful” Social position “a man who could never sufficiently vaunt himself a self-made man”

3. Contrast between middle class - workers “Mr. Bounderby take up a commanding position” Oliver Twist “Oliver Twist and his companion suffered the torture of slow starvation for three months” Nicholas Nickleby “he dismissed the first class to their experiment in practical philosophy” Exploitation of children

4. Grottesque “Miss Sharp sees the dictionary flying” “a man who was a bully of humility” “aimed a blow at Oliver’s head” “Nicholas distended his stomach” “the master, stationed himself at the copper” “the board were sitting in a solemn conclave”

5. Sense effects “rattling and trembling” “ill-smelling” “monotonously up and down” “it was a town of unnatural red and black” “a man made out of a coarse material, which seemed to have been stretched to make so much of him”

6. Parodic effects “(Mr. Bounderby) perfectly devoid on sentiments” “indomitable little Aide-de-comp’s wife” “Vive la France! Vive l’Empereur! Vive Bonapart!” “if this is a novel without an hero, at least let us lay claim to an heroine” “that boy will be hung! said the gentleman” “in this exciting occupation (experiment in pratical philosophy) the morning legged heavily on”

7. Narrator Omniscent 3rd person Intrusive

8. Characterization (through) Body description Action Thought Behaviours

9. Anti-Victorian Novel Thomas Hardy “Jude the Obscure” UMANITY CAN’T COPE WITH SOCIAL CHANGING: “the boy’s face expressed the whole tale of their situation FATALISM “done because we are too menny” PURITAN VISION OF MARRIAGE “On that little shape had converged all the inauspiciousness and shadow which had darkened the first union of Jude”