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Bacteria
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Eubacterium Structure
Section 19-1 Peptidoglycan Cell wall Cell membrane Ribosome Flagellum DNA Pili
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Classification DKPCOFGS Domain Bacteria - Kingdom Eubacteria
Domain Archae - Kingdom Archaebacteria Domain Eukarya - Kingdom Animal, Plant, Protist, Fungi
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Classification What is the name of this animal? Puma Cougar
Mountain Lion Panther
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Adaptation?
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Eubacteria Live everywhere cell walls contain - peptidoglycan
Ex. E. coli
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Archaebacteria Cell walls lack peptidoglycan
genes are similar to eukaryotes harsh environments methanogens - mud, animal digestive tracts halophiles - very salty environments, Great Salt Lake thermophiles - hot springs
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Identification Shapes - bacilli, cocci, spirilla
Cell Walls - gram positive, negative Movement - flagella glide no movement
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Staphylococcus
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Spirillum
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Bacillus
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Obtaining Energy Autotrophs Heterotrophs Photoheterotrophs -
photoautotrophs - cyanobacteria (everywhere) chemoautotrophs - hydrothermal vents, energy from chemical reactions Heterotrophs Photoheterotrophs - sun = energy organic compounds = nutrition
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Energy Release Obligate Aerobes - require oxygen
Obligate Anaerobes - oxygen deadly botulinum - causes botulism in unsterile cans, bulging cans Facultative anaerobes - with or without oxygen switch between respiration and fermentation, abundant
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Growth and Reproduction
Some can divide every 20 min. Binary fission - asexual reproduction 2X normal size, DNA divides and cell division Conjugation exchange of genes through a hollow bridge increases genetic diversity Endospores - proteins coats form in harsh conditions, up to centuries
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BINARY FISSION
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CONJUGATION
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Bacteria in Nature Producers Decomposers Nitrogen Fixation
Rhizobium – symbiosis with soybeans Nitrogen Ammonia
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Damage tissue by using it for food Release toxins Antibiotics
Bacteria and Disease Damage tissue by using it for food Release toxins Antibiotics Disease Pathogen Prevention Tooth decay Lyme disease Tetanus Tuberculosis Salmonella food poisoning Pneumonia Cholera Streptococcus mutans Borrelia burgdorferi Clostridium tetani Mycobacterium tuberculosis Salmonella enteritidis Streptococcus pneumoniae Vibrio cholerae Regular dental hygiene Protection from tick bites Current tetanus vaccination Vaccination Proper food-handling practices Maintaining good health Clean water supplies
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Human Uses of Bacteria
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Oil Eaters Sewage Treatment Drug Manufacturers Genetic engineering
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Controlling Bacteria Sterilization Heat or chemicals Cooking
Refrigeration
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Quiz 1 1. Compare AND contrast the Domains Bacteria and Archaea. 2. I.D. the 3 shapes of bacteria and give the names. 3. Explain a min. of 2 types of bacteria movement methods. 4.Explain the 2 types of autotrophs. BONUS: Explain the purpose of Pili
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