1. Introduction to the Animal Kingdom
Chapter 18

2. What Is an Animal?
Eukaryotic
Multicellular
Heterotrophs
No cell walls

3. INVERTEBRATES 95% of all animal species
No backbone or vertebral column
Includes microscopic dust mites to the giant squid

4. VERTEBRATES Backbone Only 5% of all animals Fishes Amphibians Reptiles
Birds
Mammals

5. What Animals Do to Survive
Feeding, Respiration, Circulation, Excretion, Response, Movement & Reproduction

6. Feeding

7. Feeding Styles Herbivores  eat plants Carnivores  eat other animals
Omnivores  eat plants & animals
Detritivores  eat decaying plants & animals
Filter Feeders  strain floating plankton

8. Respiration
Oxygen IN
Carbon Dioxide OUT

9. Circulation
Transport materials around body
Oxygen
Nutrients
Wastes

10. Excretion
Removes all metabolic waste

11. Response
React to environment
Use specialized cells - nerves

12. Movement
Most animals are motile by muscle contractions

13. Reproduction Sexual and Asexual Increase in numbers
Sexual helps maintain genetic diversity in populations

14. Body Symmetry
Bilateral: An imaginary plane can divide the body into two equal halves.
Example: crayfish
Radial: any number of imaginary planes can be drawn through the center, dividing it into equal halves
Example: sea anemone

15. Bilateral symmetry

16. Radial Symmetry

17. Trend in Animal Evolution
Complex animals 
Higher levels of cell specialization
Higher levels internal body organization
Bilateral body symmetry
Front end (head) with sense organs (cephalization)
Body cavity formation: fluid filled space that allows for organs to grow & expand.