1. U.S. Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School The U.S. Army’s Special Operations Center of Excellence The overall classification of this brief is: UNCLASSFIED Briefer: Type of Brief: Date: Version: NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF SSG Bommarito, Justin Information Brief 24 April 2015 The Kingdom of Cambodia

2. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Major Issues History Physical Environment Social Political system Military Economy Information Infrastructure NSS Question and Comments Agenda

3. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Deforestation illegal logging Corruption De-Mining Main Issues

4. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF 9th – 15th centuries – Khmer Empire 15th – 19th centuries – a vassal state of the Thai and Vietnamese kings (dark ages); 1863 to 1953 – Colonized by Imperial France 9 Nov 1953 – independence from France 1967 to 1975 – Civil War 1975 to 1979 – Khmer Rouge regime 1979 to 1989 – Vietnamese occupation 1990 to present – Modern Cambodia. History

5. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Bordered by Thailand, Loas And Vietnam The Tonle Sap ;The Mekong River Terrain: - mostly low flat plains - mountains in southwest & north Two distinct climate seasons Natural resources Wildlife Physical Environment

6. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Deforestation Illegal logging Physical Environment

7. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Religion: Tribal Religion- (Northeast area) Shamanism/Animism Ethnicity: Cambodian (Khmer)- 90% Vietnamese- 5% Chinese-1% Other- 4% Social System

8. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Languages: Khmer (Cambodian)- 95% French Chinese Vietnamese English Social System

9. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Multi-Party system under a Constitutional Democracy (King Norodom Sihamoni) Executive branch Cambodian Political Party Legislative branch (National Assembly and Senate) Judicial branch ( Highest court, high and lower courts) Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP) - 2103 election was the closest election race for Hun Sen. Political System

10. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Military The Royal Cambodian Armed Forces: - The Royal Cambodian Army -The Royal Khmer Navy -The Royal Cambodian Air Forces -Headquarters located in Phnom Penh -Military age 18-60 -Military is fit for around 6,000,000 -Military total: estimated at 125,000

11. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Issues : -1 of 300 are amputees -Costly to remove landmines ($1,000) -Cost to get medical treatment = debt Solution: Aki Ra -1997 established The Cambodian Landmine Museum & School -2008 established NGO- Cambodian Self-help demining De-Mining

12. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF GDP- $15.25 billion Tourism and Garment industry Economic Freedoms China/Japan- Invest/Aid Membership (the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Asian Development Bank, the WTO) 1/3 under poverty line: $1.25/ day Economic

13. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Media 11 TV stations 160 Radio stations 30 Newspapers 742,000 Internet Users(5.0%)(2012) -In 2000 it was 6,000 users(0.05%) Communications Landline phone users decreased from 584,000 to 420,000.(2014) 20,000,000 cellphones.(2014) -Low cost; -7 mobile phone operators Information

14. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF 2 Railways: Southern and Northern 39, 618km. Highways (37,126 km. paved) 17 Airfields(6 unpaved) Waterways Infrastructure

15. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Contributing to increased natural disasters. Work with partners through the Global Health Security Agenda. Working with many partners to put ending extreme poverty. Defending democracy and human rights is related to every enduring national interest. NSS

16. UNCLASSFIED NON-OPERATIONAL STUDENT EXERCISE BRIEF Question?