1. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES EAT 221

2. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Introduction Module Leader - Ken Robson Course structure 20 weeks of lectures/tutorials, 2 weeks revision 10 credit module Assessment - written exam, end of Semester 2

3. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Contact Details Email: ken.robson@sunderland.ac.uk Study material – http://www.cet.sunderland.ac.uk/~cs0kro I reside in Pod 113B, ground floor, David Goldman building, St Peters Campus Telephone: 01915152881

4. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Introduction Core Text Book: –Operations Management (Slack et al 2004) Other useful references: –Safety at work (J.Ridley 1994) –Exploring Corporate Strategy (Johnson et al 2005) –Accounting for Non-accounting Students (Dyson 1997)

5. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Introduction The course aims to develop :- Basic knowledge of : Management and business practices within an operations environment The ability to: utilise tools and techniques for controlling quality and satisfying customer needs apply a range of financial tools which can be used for control cost

6. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Module Structure and Content 1.Legislation at work and its implications 2.Job design and work organisation 3.Design of products and services 4.Quality planning and control 5.Finance 6.Failure prevention and recovery

7. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES EAT 221 Unit 1 - Legislation at work

8. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Objectives of Unit 1 This Unit not meant to teach legislation Rather to appreciate the potential impact of legislation on managers and engineers in the workplace To create and awareness of the abundance of regulations and codes of practice that need to be adhered to. To discuss the ways that risk is managed and how the likelihood of injury to people can be minimised

9. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Key Areas Covered

10. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES The Law Laws are necessary to govern and regulate the affairs and behaviour of individuals and communities for the benefit of all (J.Ridley 1994) The law relating to the workplace, concern’s the protection of workers safety and health, employment and right to take industrial action

11. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES The Law Structure UK, H&S legislation consist of a number of principle Statutes or Acts of parliament These form the basis for subordinate regulations i.e. These are what we work with!

12. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES The Health & Safety at Work Act 1974 Roben’s committee set up in 1970 To quell union concerns over the legislation at the time – issues of inequality across industries and lack of safeguards Roben’s committee reported in 1972 Main recommendations: 1.Replace existing legislation with one act applying to all persons at work 2.Replace detail with a few simple precepts that can be generally applied 3.Change enforcement approach so that prosecution is not always the first resort 4.Ensure occupational safety protects visitor and the public 5.Place more emphasis on safe systems of work rather than technical standards 6.Actively involve workers in procedures for accident prevention at their place of work

13. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES The Health & Safety at Work Act 1974 Duties imposed on employers and others by the act : Provide and maintain plant and systems of work that are safe and without risks to health Ensure that the use, handling,storage and transport of articles and substances is safe and without risk Provide such information, instruction, training and supervision to ensure that employees can carry out their jobs safely Ensure that any workshop is safe and healthy and that safe means of access and egress are maintained, particularly in respect of high standards of housekeeping, cleanliness, disposal of rubbish and stacking of goods in the proper place Keep the workplace environment safe and healthy, so that the atmosphere is such as not to give rise to poisoning, gassing or the encouragement of the development of diseases.

14. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Some key Regulations Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSH) regs. 1988 The Electricity at Work regs. 1989 Health & Safety at Work regs. 1974 Manual Handling regs. 1992 Noise at Work regs. 1989 Personal Protective Equipment at Work (PPE) regs.1992 Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER) regs.1992 Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences regs.1985

15. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Administration/policing of the Act Two bodies Health & Safety Commission – Formulate Policy Health & Safety Executive – Implement Policy

16. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Failure to Comply Magistrates Court –Breach of Sections 2 - 6 of the act –Or breach of Improvement notice, prohibition notice, court remedy order. Penalties up to £20,000, others up to £5000 Crown Court –Disqualification of Directors – –Penalties - Up to 2 years (Crown)

17. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Accident Reporting The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 (RIDDOR) Fatal Accidents, Major Injury, certain dangerous occurrences – must be reported to the HSE

18. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES How are Accidents typically distributed (Bird study) Near misses/dangerous occurrences First Aid Injuries Damage to Plant and equipment Serious and disabling accidents 1 10 30 100 Bird,F.R. & Loftus,R.G (1976). ‘Loss Control Systems’ Institute Press Proactive approach - focus your safety efforts on these two areas

19. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES An Accident Control system Work Process Prevention Approaches Managing system Reports of Accidents, first aid injuries, damage, near misses Method statement, permit to work, PPE, COSH OUTPUTS PEOPLE INPUTS Standards,targets Accident investigations Root cause analysis

20. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Management interventions to reduce the risk of accidents Reactive approaches– employed post incident – accident investigations – corrective action

21. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Proactive Safety Approaches Proactive Safety Approaches - Identify, evaluate and control hazards/risks before an accident occurs Safety Inspections Employee involvement Safe systems of work Risk assessment Warning signs Guarding, interlocking Procedures Poka Yoke – foolproof systems Monitoring of performance Deterrents – rules, regulations, penalties

22. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Examples of Safety Signs HAZARDS MANDATORY PROHIBITION

23. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Examples of Poka Yoke

24. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Special Risks - Machinery ‘Where the operation to be performed by or on a piece of equipment, such as adjusting a moving machine or the emergency servicing to enable a machine to complete a particular operation, is likely to put the operator at particular risk to his/her health and safety, then special precautions must be taken’ (Ridley 94) Permits to work Lock off and tag systems Emergency plans – environmental, fire, bomb threat

25. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES Situational Question You are a manager/engineer in charge of a large project i.e. the installation of a new production line. Considering the project life cycle phases that are involved i.e. design, build, test/inspect, instal, commission, what actions would you take to ensure the safety aspects of your project are addressed

26. INDUSTRIAL STUDIES NEXT SESSION Risk and Hazard Assessment Quantitative method of assessing risk