1. Grammar Rules 2 Quotations

2. Quote Integration Step 1: Use a Introductory statement (to introduce borrowing) Identify the author or sponsor of the source Summarize the writers credentials Give the title Announce the subject matter youre borrowing, provide its context, or suggest the writers purpose Evaluate the content being borrowed

3. Quote Integration Step 2: Present the Quotation, summary, or paraphrase. Step 3: Document the borrowing (i.e. (Fitzgerald 32). Step 4: Explain the borrowing, evaluate it, or show how it supports your thesis.

4. Set off Quotes When your quote is longer than four lines, "block it off" from the rest of your paragraph. In this case, you don't use quotation marks (except for lines of dialogue). Quick Tip: Avoid using very long quotes--they sometimes bog the paper down.)

5. Set-off Quotes Example: Lady Macbeth calls on supernatural powers so that she can assist in Duncan's murder:... Come you spirits That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here, And fill me from the crown to the toe top-full Of direst cruelty. Make thick my blood. Stop up th'access and passage to remorse, That no compunctious visitings of nature Shake my fell purpose.... (Macbeth 1.5.47-53) Lady Macbeth thus reveals the all-consuming nature of her ambition. She is even willing to give up her identity as a woman to get what she wants. (And the paper goes on from there.)

6. Quote Types Direct Quotes- Direct quotations involve incorporating another person's exact words into your own writing. 1. Capitalize the first letter of a direct quote when the quoted material is a complete sentence. 2.Do not use a capital letter when the quoted material is a fragment or only a piece of the original material's complete sentence.

7. Paraphrasing- Paraphrases are not exact wordings but rather rephrasings or summaries of another person's words. In this case, it is not necessary to use quotation marks. However, indirect quotations still require proper citations, and you will be committing plagiarism if you fail to do so.

8. Quote integration and commas Use a comma to introduce a quotation after a standard dialogue tag, a brief introductory phrase, or a dependant clause. As D.H. Nachas explains, "The gestures used for greeting others differ greatly from one culture to another."

9. Quote integration and commas History is stained with blood spilled in the name of "civilization." Note that a comma isnt used before Civilization because this is not a dependant clause.

10. http://www.headroyce.org/research/ writing/techniques/quoteint_lit.html http://www.headroyce.org/research/ writing/techniques/quoteint_lit.html Jack Dodds http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/pri ntable/577/ http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/pri ntable/577/