1. Charles VII -Reconciled with Burgundians and other provinces. -Increased influence of middle class and royal finances through new taxes. -Created first permanent royal army. -Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges. (Concordat of Bologna)

2. Louis XI Spider King Promoted new industry: –Weaving –Foreign craftsmen –Commercial treaties with England Expansion of royal control of French provinces.

3. Louis XII & Mary Tudor(daughter of Henry VII and sister of Henry VIII

4. Francis I - & death of da Vinci

5. Chambord

6. Chambord & Chenenceau

7. da Vincis double-helix staircase model of the staircase

8. Leonardo da Vinci's perfect "Vitruvian" image of man, the plan for the Chateau of Chambord shows how its design is based on the use of geometric figures to create a pure and simple symmetry. Circles, squares, Greek crosses, and rectangles based on "the golden number" surround the central stairways.

9. Amboise

10. The Royal House of Lancaster branch of the Plantagenet House King Henry IV Reigned 1399-1413 King Henry V Reigned 1413-1422 King Henry VI Reigned 1422-1461 and 1470-1471 Deposed in 1461, restored 1470 Deposed and murdered in 1471

11. Henry IV Reigned 1399-1413 The Royal House of Lancaster

12. Henry V House of Lancaster Reigned 1413-1422

13. Henry VI House of Lancaster Reigned 1422-1461 and 1470-1471 Deposed in 1461, restored 1470 Deposed and murdered in 1471

14. The Royal House of York Branch of the House of Plantagenet King Edward IV Reigned 1461-1470 and 1471-1483 Deposed 1470; restored 1471. King Edward V Became king in 1483 Disappeared, presumably murdered. King Richard III Reigned 1483-1485 Killed in battle

15. Edward IV House of York Reigned 1461-1470 and 1471-1483 Deposed 1470; restored 1471.

16. King Edward V King Edward V and the Duke of York in the Tower of London by Paul Delaroche Tower of LondonPaul Delaroche

17. Richard III House of York Reigned 1483-1485 Killed in battle

18. Henry VII (Tudor) Reigned 1485-1509

19. Henry VIII & Katherine of Aragon

20. The Tudor Dynasty King Henry VII Reigned 1485-1509 King Henry VIII Reigned 1509-1547 King Edward VI Reigned 1547-1553 Lady Jane Grey Proclaimed queen in 1553 Deposed after nine days. Executed in 1554. Queen Mary I Reigned 1553-1558 Queen Elizabeth I Reigned 1558-1603King Henry VII King Henry VIII King Edward VI Lady Jane Grey Queen Mary I Queen Elizabeth I

22. Isabella & Ferdinand (Castile & Aragon)

23. Las Hermandades