1. Chapter 19 test Review Learn!

2. Nato/Warsaw Pact Ireland, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, Sweden, Finland, Yugoslavia were not members of NATO or the Warsaw Pact in 1955. Warsaw Pact: Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania. West Germany was a member of NATO, while East Germany was a member of the Warsaw Pact.

3. Terms Korean War: The Korean War was fought after Korea was divided into two countries: the Communist North and the pro-American South. military-industrial complex:The military-industrial complex refers to the permanent mobilization of American troops around the world after the Korean War and increased. thirty-eighth parallel: The thirty-eighth parallel is the latitude line that divides North and South Korea. Brinkmanship: Brinkmanship is the ability to go to the verge of war without becoming engaged in actual combat. arms race: The United States and the Soviet Union were engaged in an arms race to gain weapons superiority. Sputnik: The Soviet Union ’ s Sputnik was the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth. U-2 incident: A Soviet guided missile shot down an American spy plane in what became known as the U-2 incident.

4. ANALYZING A DOCUMENT Alternative ways of life: One way of life was based on capitalism and democracy, while the other was based on the Communist system. “ The choice is too often not a free one ” : Truman meant that the Soviet Union was using pressure and intimidation to spread communism to other nations. How would US show support? Truman declared that it must be the policy of the United States to support peoples in their struggle for freedom and self-determination. “ Nearly every nation must choose between alternative ways of life. The choice is too often not a free one. One way of life is based on the will of the majority.... The second way of life is based upon the will of a minority forcibly imposed [forced] upon the majority.... I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation [conquest] by armed minorities or by outside pressures. I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way. ”

5. Essay Question Explain how the contrasting post-World War II goals of the Soviet Union and the United States led to the Cold War. Very different goals United States: spread democracy and free enterprise Soviets: protect themselves from attack, spread communism. Debated the future of Europe Tensions quickly developed into the Cold War.