1. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1 The Language Of Medicine 9 th edition Davi-Ellen Chabner

2. Chapter 6 Additional Suffixes and Digestive System Terminology Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2

3. 3 Chapter Goals  Define new suffixes and use them with digestive system combining forms.  List and explain laboratory tests, clinical procedures, and abbreviations common to the digestive system.  Apply your new knowledge to understanding medical terms in their proper context, such as medical reports and records.

4. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4 Chapter 6 Lesson 6.1

5. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 5 Suffixes  -ectasis, -ectasia  -emesis  -lysis  -pepsia  -phagia  -plasty  -ptosis  -ptysis

6. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 6 Suffixes (cont’d)  -rrhage, -rrhagia  -rrhaphy  -rrhea  -spasm  -stasis  -stenosis  -tresia

7. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Suffixes (cont’d)  Suffixes that are also terms:  emesis (emetic)  lysis  spasm  stasis  stenosis

8. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 8 QUICK QUIZ: QUICK QUIZ: 1. Which term means difficulty in swallowing? A.dysphasia B.dysphagia C.dysplasia D.polyphagia

9. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 9 QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) 2. Which term means to control or stop bleeding? A.hemostasis B.hematoma C.hemoptysis D.cholestasis

10. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 10 Combining Forms and Terminology  bucc/o  cec/o  celi/o  cheil/o  chol/e  cholangi/o  cholecyst/o  choledoch/o  col/o  colon/o

11. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 11  dent/i  duoden/o  enter/o  esophag/o  gastr/o  gingiv/o Combining Forms and Terminology (cont’d)  gloss/o  gluc/o  glyc/o  hepat/o  herni/o  ile/o

12. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 12 Combining Forms and Terminology (cont’d)  jejun/o  labi/o  lingu/o  lip/o  lith/o  odont/o  or/o  palat/o  pancreat/o  proct/o

13. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 13 Combining Forms and Terminology (cont’d)  pylor/o  rect/o  sialaden/o  splen/o  steat/o  stomat/o

14. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 14 QUICK QUIZ: QUICK QUIZ: 3. Which term means enlarged liver? A.acromegaly B.cardiomegaly C.hepatomegaly D.hepatitis

15. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 15 Laboratory Tests and Clinical Procedures  Laboratory Tests  Liver function tests (LFTs): tests for enzymes and bilirubin in blood  Stool culture: test for microorganisms in stool  Stool guaiac test or Hemoccult test: test to detect blood in feces

16. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 16 QUICK QUIZ: QUICK QUIZ: 4. Which of the following tests for the clear fluid that remains after blood has clotted (serum)? A.stool guaiac B.hemoccult C.stool culture D.LFTs

17. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 17 Laboratory Tests and Clinical Procedures  Clinical Procedures  X-rays Lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema) Lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema) Upper gastrointestinal series Upper gastrointestinal series Cholangiography Cholangiography Computed tomography (CT scan) Computed tomography (CT scan)

18. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 18 Laboratory Tests and Clinical Procedures (cont’d) Clinical Procedures  Ultrasound Examination abdominal ultrasonography abdominal ultrasonography endoscopic ultrasonography endoscopic ultrasonography  Magnetic Resonance Techniques Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

19. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 19 Laboratory Tests and Clinical Procedures  Other Procedures  Gastric bypass or bariatric surgery: reduces stomach size  Gastrointestinal endoscopy: visual examination of the GI tract  Liver biopsy: removal of liver tissue  Nasogastric intubation: insertion of tube through the nose into stomach  Paracentesis (abdominocentesis): puncture to remove fluid from abdomen

20. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 20 QUICK QUIZ: QUICK QUIZ: 5. Which procedure below is a surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen? 5. Which procedure below is a surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen? A. laparoscopy B. laparotomy C. abdominectomy D. abdominocentesis

21. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 21 Abbreviations  Alk phos: alkaline phosphatase  ALT, AST: alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase  BE: barium enema  BRBPR: bright red blood per rectum  BM: bowel movement

22. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 22  CT scan: computed tomography  EGD: esophagogastroduodenoscopy  ERCP: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography  EUS: endoscopic ultrasonography  GB: gallbladder  GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease Abbreviations (cont’d)

23. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 23  GI: gastrointestinal  HBV: hepatitis B virus  IBD: inflammatory bowel disease  LFTs: liver function tests Abbreviations (cont’d)

24. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 24  MRI: magnetic resonance imaging  NG tube: nasogastric tube  NPO: nothing by mouth  PEG tube: percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube Abbreviations (cont’d)

25. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 25  PEJ tube: percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tube  PTHC: percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography  PUD: peptic ulcer disease Abbreviations (cont’d)

26. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 26  TPN: total parenteral nutrition  T tube: tube placed in the biliary tract for drainage Abbreviations (cont’d)

27. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 27 Review Suffixes -ase_____________ -centesis_____________ -chezia_____________ -ectasia_____________ -ectasis_____________ -ectomy_____________ -emesis_____________ -emia_____________ -genesis _____________

28. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 28  -ase enzyme  -centesis surgical puncture to remove fluid  -chezia defecation; elimination of wastes  -ectasia stretching; dilation; expansion  -ectasisstretching; dilation; expansion  -ectomy removal; excision; resection  -emesis vomiting  -emia blood condition  -genesis producing; forming Review Suffixes (cont’d)

29. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 29 -graphy_____________ -iasis_____________ -lysis_____________ -megaly_____________ -orexia_____________ -pathy_____________ -pepsia _____________ -phagia _____________ Review Suffixes (cont’d)

30. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 30  -graphy process of recording  -iasis abnormal condition  -lysis breakdown; separation; destruction; loosening  -megaly enlargement  -orexia appetite  -pathydisease; emotion  -pepsiadigestion  -phagia eating; swallowing Review Suffixes (cont’d)

31. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 31 -prandial_____________ -plasty_____________ -ptosis_____________ -ptysis_____________ -rrhage_____________ -rrhagia_____________ -rrhaphy_____________ -rrhea_____________ Review Suffixes (cont’d)

32. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 32  -prandialmeal  -plastysurgical repair  -ptosisdroop; sag; prolapse; fall  -ptysisspitting  -rrhagebursting forth (of blood)  -rrhagiabursting forth (of blood)  -rrhaphysuture  -rrheaflow; discharge Review Suffixes (cont’d)

33. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 33 -scopy_____________ -spasm_____________ -stasis_____________ -stenosis_____________ -stomy_____________ -tomy_____________ -tresia_____________ Review Suffixes (cont’d)

34. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 34  -scopyvisual examination  -spasmsudden contraction of muscles  -stasisstop; control; place  -stenosistightening; stricture  -stomynew opening (to form a mouth)  -tomyprocess of cutting  -tresiaopening Review Suffixes (cont’d)