1. What is this map showing?

2. What are the trends in global forest production?
What are the advantages of plantations over wild harvesting of forest products?
What are the differences in consumption of forest products in different societies?
What are the sources of UK timber and timber products?

3. What are the advantages of plantations over wild harvesting of forest products?
For timber and paper, tress are often grown in plantations
TASK
Why do harvest from wild communities produce lower yields than from plantations?
Outline 3 reasons
Natural woodland
Plantation
Irregular shape & tree density varies
Edges are straight lines, even, high tree density
Multi-species
Monoculture
Trees of all ages
Trees all same age
Variable light levels
Low light levels once canopy has closed
Contains open areas
No open areas
Native species
May consist entirely of exotic species
Accessible
Inaccessible
High wildlife value
Low wildlife value

4. Answers • fewer productive plants • more competitors • no genetic selection
Plantations have a simpler ecological structure than natural forests. Explain the following 4 differences.
Species diversity
Age structure
Stratification
Interspecies relationships

5. Answers
Plantations have a simpler ecological structure than natural forests. Explain the following 4 differences.
Species diversity- small range of species selected for economic productivity
Age structure - large areas often planted at the same time
Stratification - fewer vegetation layers due to low species diversity and simple age structure
Interspecies relationships - Tree species are often
exotic and don't support indigenous wildlife

6. 2. What are the differences in consumption of forest products in different societies?
Wood and Paper Imports

7. TASK
What are the key differences in forest product consumption between LEDCs and
MEDCs

8. Forest production Consumption of forest products in MEDCs and LEDCs
import huge volumes of hardwood as roundwood (tree stems) and then convert them into high value products e.g. furniture
They also import softwood for paper – making
LEDCs:
export roundwood and import more expensive, finished products.
But as LEDCs develop, they are improving their capacity to manufacture and then export high-value goods
Huge volumes of wood are used as fuelwood in LEDCs

9. Imports
The UK imports over 50 million tonnes of wood and wood products annually
1971
1976
1981
1986
1991
1996
2001
2006 50 40 30 20 10 60
Millions of m3
Year
UK imports
UK exports
Research Q: Why are we importing at the same time as exporting?

10. Forest Cover How does our forest cover compare with other countries?
Country
% of land forested
Finland 72
Sweden 65
Russian federation 50
Latvia 47
Estonia 48
Austria
Portugal 40
Italy 34
Germany 30
Switzerland
Norway 29
Greece 28
France 27
Spain UK 11
Ireland 9

11. 3. What are the sources of UK timber and timber products?
TASK. Display the following data on UK timber graphically.
Imported wood and wood products (85% of total consumption)
• 45% pulp and paper
• 40% sawn wood
• 15% wood panels
UK production (15% of total consumption) 95% softwood
• 40% for paper
• 30% wood panels
• 25% sawn wood
5% hardwood
• 3% fuel
• 2% sawn wood
Ideas
Divided bars