1. Social Changes and the 1920’s

2. Consumer Culture

3. The Electrified Home: 60% New Consumer Goods: –Vacuum, Refrigerator, Washing Machine, Range Store bought clothing Supermarkets & Canned foods Radio Advertisement Industry What effect did these new products have on society?

4. Consumerism (+ and -) Positive results Reduced the number of hours and effort spent on Household duties Mass Culture: shared experience Leisure activities increase More jobs: make and sell Mass production: lowers cost Negative Results Items on Credit: Debt Increased cost of living Changing values: abundance, consumerism Mass production: loss of uniqueness

5. Automobile

6. “You can get [a Model T] in any color you want, so long as it’s black” -Henry Ford “No job is particularly hard, if you divide it into small parts” -Henry Ford

7. The Automobile Henry Ford Passenger Car Registration jumped from 8 million in 1920 to 23 million in 1930 Model T

8. Fordism How did Ford do it? Assembly Line: Apply conveyor belt to cars, simple tasks Worker’s Contract: $5 a day to stay Standardized vehicles Price: 1909-1924 price dropped 66% Model T: afFORDable to Middle and Upper class

9. Automobile (+ and -) Positive ResultsPositive Results Automobile industry created jobs Related industries Boom: oil, gas, rubber Indirect: shopping malls, diners, tourism Suburbs Freedom Govt. matches funds for roads Negative ResultsNegative Results Not available to lower classes Credit: Debt Urban Sprawl Pollution Accidents Moral implications Working conditions

10. The Demon Rum Prohibition in the 1920’s ‘Why the Roaring 20’s went dry’ Analyze the cartoons to find reasons why

17. Health and Effects Temperance Movement Protestantism WWI “Progressivism” Results:18 th Amendment (1919) & The Volstead Act What are the Pros and Cons of Prohibition?

18. Pro and Con of Prohibition Pro’s. Overall consumption decreased Arrests for drunkenness down Cirrhosis of the liver down Admission to hospitals for alcoholism down Less alcohol related death Save $ Con’s Produce at home Bootleggers Organized Crime More corruption Increased urban violence Enforcement difficult Harmful products consumed Violates individual rights Widespread abuse an lawlessness ‘Speakeasies’

19. But did consumption increase or decrease?... Speakeasies

21. Why repeal prohibition?

22. 1933- 21 st Amendment

24. Women and Youth Culture

25. The Roaring 20’s Jazz Age Was the Bee’s Knees!

26. Sheiks Watch out for gold diggers!

27. Flappers Characteristics And Behavior

28. THE FLAPPER by Dorothy Parker The Playful flapper here we see, The fairest of the fair. She's not what Grandma used to be, -- You might say, au contraire. Her girlish ways may make a stir, Her manners cause a scene, But there is no more harm in her Than in a submarine. She nightly knocks for many a goal The usual dancing men. Her speed is great, but her control Is something else again. All spotlights focus on her pranks. All tongues her prowess herald. For which she well may render thanks To God and Scott Fitzgerald. Her golden rule is plain enough - Just get them young and treat them rough.

29. Women 19 th Amendment: Right to vote Birth Control: Margaret Sanger New Stores and Appliances: changed domestic life More education and job opportunities (white collar, office) Changing Victorian morality and domesticity

30. Women Positive Results Political power Economic opportunity More domestic freedom More control over sexuality Women more independent and expressive Negative Results Less pay Loss of war jobs No workplace advancement Double standards Appliances bring new pressure Unfulfilled w/ domestic life

31. African American Experience “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” -William H. Johnson

32. African American Experience Great Migration: African American move to Northern cities for work in factories South: Jim Crow continues, KKK Revival, Lynching North: Harlem Renaissance Celebration of African heritage –Writers, poets and musicians –Jazz Langston Hughes Louis Armstrong

33. African American Experience Positive Results More jobs Ethnic communities provide security Pride New cultural expressions Black Middle Class Jazz as American music Negative results Blacks first to lose jobs Forced into ghettos Discrimination in N. and S. Violence Music clubs/ industry controlled by whites Harlem Globe- trotters

34. “Old” Culture“New” Culture Emphasized Production Character Scarcity Religion Idealized the Past Local Culture Rural Substance Cultural Contrast: A Contrast of Values

35. “Old” Culture“New” Culture Emphasized Production Emphasized Consumption CharacterPersonality ScarcityAbundance ReligionScience Idealized the PastLooked to the Future Local CultureMass Culture RuralUrban SubstanceImage Cultural Contrast: A Contrast of Values

36. Reactionary 1920’s Scopes trial: –Fundamentalism vs. Science Sacco-Vanzetti Case: –Anti-Radicals and Immigration Isolation: –No to League of Nations –Immigration Policy 1924: Quota System Politics: Pres. Harding, Coolidge and Hoover –Big-Business, Laissez-faire, Republican, Conservative Celebrity Culture: –Individual Man v. Machine –Babe Ruth, Charles Lindberg, Lou Gehrig, Amelia Earhart

37. Why were people so reactionary at this time?