1. Classification of Living Things
Learning About The
Kingdoms
Of Life

2. What is Classification?
The organization of objects using characteristics & attributes

3. Biological Classification
Systems that name & organize living things in a meaningful way
AKA taxonomy

4. History Aristotle 400 BC Not a good system. Why?????
Used 2 categories and subdivided according to how they moved
Plants
Air, land, water
Animals
Not a good system. Why?????
Used for 2000 years

5. History
1600’s began to classify according to similarities in form (structure)
1700’s Carolus Linnaeus (Swedish)
Created system used today
Used system to ID all known plants & animals of his time
Developed a systematic naming process
Simple, logical, easy

6. Old Naming System (pre-Linnaeus)
Confusing
Had up to 12 names
Names for same animal/plant different in different countries & books

7. Modern System (post-Linnaeus)
2 functions
1 groups organisms according to basic characteristics
2 gives unique name to each organism
Ranges from general (Kingdom) to specific (Species)
Based on evolutionary relationships
To be in same species, must be capable of interbreeding & produce fertile young
EX: horse + donkey = mule (not fertile)
EX: lion + tiger = liger/tigon (not fertile)

8. Think of it like this…
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

9. Kings Play Cards On Fat Green Stools
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Binomial Nomenclature- 2 name naming system
Bi two
Nom name
Clature system
Uses Genus & species
EX: Homo sapiens AKA modern man

10. HOMEWORK
Come up with a new mnemonic device to help remember the classification system
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Make a picture to go with your saying
Be creative 
Due Monday

11. The Five Kingdoms

12. Monerans Single celled (unicellular) Microscopic
Nucleus does not have a membrane
Lacks cell structures
Absorbs food
10,000+ known species
EX: blue-green algae, bacteria

13. Protists Unicellular; microscopic Nucleus has a membrane
Sometimes found in chains or colonies
Has cell structures
250,000+ known species
Absorbs, ingests or photosynthesizes food
EX: diatoms, amoeba, paramecium, euglena, flagellates, other protozoans

14. Fungi Multicellular Specialized cells & structures Absorbs food
100,000+ known species
EX: mushrooms, yeast, mildew, mold

15. Plants Multicellular Photosynthesizes food
Specialized cells and structures
Rigid cell walls for support
250,000+ known species
EX: trees, mosses, flowering plants, ferns

16. Animals Multicellular
Specialized cells & structures, including tissues, organs, organ systems
Own form of locomotion
Heterotrophs
No rigid cell walls
1,000,000+ known species

17. Animal Phyla Chordates Vertebrates Invertebrates
Have rigid backbone and skeletal system for support
Located inside body
Invertebrates
No rigid backbone or skeleton
Some have external support called exoskeleton
Exo- outside skeleton- support
EX: insects, spiders

18. Vertebrate Classes

19. Invertebrate Classes

20. Terms to Know Autotrophs make own food
Heterotrophs get food from another source
Photosynthesis using the sun’s energy to make own food
Prokaryotic nucleus not enclosed; DNA flows freely in cell
Eukaryotic has an enclosed nucleus (where DNA is stored)
Locomotion means of movement; transportation

21. Terms to Know Sessile non- moving; stationary
Motile mobile; ability to move
Taxonomy another word for classification
Nucleus cell structure that contains DNA for reproduction; enclosed with a membrane