1. American Colonies
New England Colonies

2. 13 Colonies
13 colonies

3. New England

4. Types of Colonies
Charter – King granted a document to the colony which established the rules on how the colony will be governed
Proprietary – King gave land to friends who set up colonies
Royal – King governs the colony directly

5. Plymouth Bay Colony 1620 Charter Colony Founded for Religious Freedoms
Merged with Massachusetts Bay Colony 1691
Economic Activities – Fishing, Lumber, shipbuilding, Trade, rum

6. Massachusetts Bay Colony
1630
Charter Colony
Founded by Puritans

7. Massachusetts Bay Colony
Religious Freedom
Fishing, Lumber, shipbuilding , trade, rum
Leader John Winthrop

8. Connecticut Disagreed with Puritans
1636 Hooker and 100 others left Massachusetts
1639 drafted Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Hooker – “Father of American Democracy”

9. Connecticut Different from Massachusetts Bay Colony
All men who were property owners could vote
Limited the power of the government
1662 became Charter Colony
The charter used as state constitution until after American Revolution

10. Connecticut
Reasons for founding – Religious and Political freedom, expand trade
Economic Activities – Rum, Iron, Shipbuilding

11. Rhode Island Roger Williams
1635 accused of spreading new and dangerous opinions
Church and state should be separate
State should maintain order and peace NOT support one church
Religious toleration
Non-Puritans could not vote
Believed non-Puritans should worship freely

12. Rhode Island Believed non-church members should vote
Believed land belonged to Indians
Europeans should buy land from the Indians

13. Rhode Island
1635 – General Court ordered Roger Williams to return to England
Winthrop advised him to flee
1644 Charter from England called Providence Plantation
Charter colony
Snuff, livestock, shipping

14. Rhode Island
Allowed for freedom of religion including Catholics and Jews
No state church
All white men could vote
Haven for misfits and scoundrels called Rogues Island

15. Rhode Island
Touro Synagogue in Rhode Island congregation founded in 1658

16. New Hampshire Part of Massachusetts Bay Colony
1680 – King issued Royal Charter
Colonists began settling north of Boston
Founded by John Mason
Economic Activities – trade, fishing, lumber
Reasons for founding – trade and fishing

17. Middle Colonies

18. Middle Colonies
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware

19. New Amsterdam
This is the oldest Jewish congregation in America started 1654 building was built in 1897

20. New Amsterdam 1626 Peter Minuit brought settlers
Originally settled by Dutch,
Also Germans, French, Scandinavians, and others came to New Amsterdam
People could practice their religion freely

21. New Amsterdam Peter Stuyvesant – governor Strict and tough minded
Old Silver Nails
Punishments were harsh – heavy fines or public whippings

22. New York Dutch wedge – separates Northern and Southern colonies
1664 – King Charles II gave his brother James, duke of York permission to oust the Dutch
James sent out a fleet

23. New York Governor Stuyvesant tried to get people to fight
Few weapons
Little gunpowder
No support from settlers
Stuyvesant surrendered without firing a shot

24. New York Renamed New York Proprietary Colony 1664- 1685
Royal Colony – 1685
Reasons for founding – Expand trade and connect colonies
Economic Activities – Wheat, lumber, sugar, shipbuilding, trade

25. New Jersey Duke of York found the colony too large
1664 – Proprietary Colony
Gave land to Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret
They advertised religious freedom and representative government

26. New Jersey East Jersey and West Jersey 1702 – Royal Colony
Protected religious freedom and the rights of an assembly
Reasons for founding – expansion, trading post, refuge for Quakers
Economic Activities – trade, farming

27. Pennsylvania William Penn Wealthy Englishman Friend of King Charles II
1667 at age 22 became Quaker

28. Pennsylvania Quakers - Radicals Protestant reformers
All people were equal before God
Did not have ministers or priests
Refused to pay taxes to Church of England

29. Pennsylvania William Penn imprisoned for his Quaker beliefs
Found “not guilty” by the jury
Decided to leave England

30. Pennsylvania Frame of Government
Penn appointed Governor and council of advisors to make laws
Representative assembly accepted or rejected the laws
Assembly eventually able to make laws on its own
Any white Christian male could vote

31. Pennsylvania
Penn sent pamphlets with the Frame of Government all over Europe
Settlers came from
England
Scotland
Wales
Netherlands
France
Germany (Deutsch) aka Pennsylvania Dutch

32. Pennsylvania
Holy Experiment model of religious freedom, peace and Christian living
All religions came to Pennsylvania
Believed land belonged to Indians
Peaceful relations with the Indians

33. Pennsylvania Philadelphia – Greek meaning “brotherly love”
Planned to grow in a orderly way

34. Pennsylvania Founder – William Penn in 1682 Proprietary Colony
Religious and Political Freedoms; Refuge for Quakers
Trade, Farming

35. Delaware Originally part of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania did not have a port on Atlantic (reason for founding)
Duke of York gave Lower Counties to Penn
1682 – 1701 Proprietary colony

36. Delaware 1702 Royal colony Economic Activities – trade and farming
Reasons for Founding – expand trade

37. Southern Colonies Virginia Maryland North Carolina South Carolina
Georgia

38. Virginia Founded 1607 Important Leaders – John Smith, John Rolfe
Jamestown
Important Leaders – John Smith, John Rolfe
Economic Activities – tobacco
Reasons for Settling – Search for gold; English outpost against Spain

39. Maryland 1633 – Lord Baltimore received a grant to establish colony
Established as a Catholic colony
Proprietary Colony

40. Maryland 200 Colonists arrived and named first town St. Mary’s
Avoided swampy lowlands
Raised corn, cattle, and hogs
Few families came, mainly men
Began growing tobacco for profit

41. Maryland Conflicts arose between Protestants and Catholics
Toleration Act of 1649
Restricting religious rights of Christians a crime
Offered Religious freedom and protected the rights of minorities

42. Maryland Reasons for founding – establish a Catholic colony
Economic Activities – tobacco

43. Carolinas Named for King Charles I 8 nobles given land
Settlements were in 2 different areas
North – poor tobacco farmers
South – large rice plantations
Split into 2 colonies 1712

44. North Carolina Founded in 1655 Proprietary colony until 1729
Royal colony
Small farmers
Economic Activities – naval supplies, tobacco, furs
Reasons for settlement – trade and farming

45. South Carolina 1670 founded Charles Town Proprietary Colony until 1719
Royal Colony 1719 – 1776
Began growing rice in the swampy lowlands
Brought slaves for plantations

46. South Carolina Economic Activities – rice, indigo
Reasons for settling – trade and farming

47. Georgia Founded in 1732 by James Oglethorpe Proprietary colony
German, Swiss and Welsh Protestants, Jews in Savannah

48. Georgia Oglethorpe wanted a haven for debtors
King wanted a buffer against Spanish Florida

49. Georgia Oglethorpe did not want large plantations
Outlawed slavery
Limited size of land grants
1752 Oglethorpe gave up charter

50. Georgia Proprietary 1732 – 1752 Royal 1752 – 1776
Economic Activities – Rice, indigo, shipping supplies