1. Chapter 10Notes Waves General and Electromagnetic

2. Waves carry energy & information The information carried could be: –Sound –Color –Pictures Radio waves – tv Microwave – cell phones WAVES DO NOT CARRY THE MEDIUM!!! (Ex: water)

3. Transverse Waves Energy is the height of the wave Wave moves left to right –Ex: water waves –A Rope that is moved up and down –Light Wave and energy move perpendicular to each other.

4. Longitudinal Waves Wave and energy are in same direction –Ex: Slinky –The compression will move along the slinky forward and then back. –Sound Also called Compressional Waves

5. –Crests: high point of the wave –Troughs: low point of the wave Parts Of A Transverse Wave

6. Wavelength ( ): –The length of one complete cycle of a wave. –From crest to crest or trough to trough.

7. Amplitude How big or little the wave is. Tells you how much energy the wave has. The bigger the wave, the more energy it has.

8. Parts of a Longitudinal Wave Compression-The condensed portion Rarefaction-The separated part of the wave. Wavelength-distance from compression to compression

9. Frequency How many waves pass in 1 sec. A wave carries its frequency to every area that it reaches Measured in hertz (Hz)

10. Speed of a Wave How fast the wave can transfer energy. v = f x v = speed (velocity) Units=m/s f = frequency Units=Hz = wavelength Units=m

11. TRANSVERSE WAVES!!!! All travel at the same speed The difference is in the frequency and the wavelength. If one goes up, the other goes down.

12. Parts of the EM Spectrum Radio Waves- Longest wavelength, lowest energy, lowest frequency. Used for TV’s, Radios and Cell Phones

13. Microwaves A form of radio waves-some books place them separately and some put them in with radio. They are the highest frequency (most energy) of the radio waves.

14. Infrared (IR) Heat Used to find people in the woods. Infrared film detects how hot something is. Use to detect cancer Beneath red

15. Visible Light ROY G. BIV-colors of visible light. Sunlight emits UV along with other rays. Gives us Vitamin D Too much harmful. Most filtered by ozone. Red is longest

16. ultraviolet Main source is sunlight Helps your body produce vitamin D Overexposure = burns and skin cancer Sunscreen helps to block Beyond violet

17. X-rays and Gamma Rays X-rays-See bones. High Energy Use lead to block! Gamma rays- highest energy Use to treat cancer Generated by radioactive atoms

18. Wave Interactions Interaction -Wave run into other object or another wave Interaction can increase or decrease wave energy Interaction can change the properties of the wave Interaction can change the direction

19. Reflection A wave bouncing off of a surface –Mirror –Wave hitting a wall Incident wave – moving to surface Reflected wave – moving away from surface

20. Refraction Bending of wave as it changes speed Speed changes from on medium to another –Air to water –Water to oil

21. Diffraction Bending of a wave when it comes into contact with the edge of another object Light bending around a door

22. Interference The effect of 2 or more waves interacting Can be constructive or destructive

23. Constructive Interference Wave crest come together at the same location Waves join together to make a larger wave

24. Destructive Interference The crest of one wave meets the trough of another wave Crest and trough subtract from each other to make a smaller wave Sometimes the interference cancels both waves

25. Doppler Effect Sound Change in frequency and pitch of a sound that is caused by either the movement of the source or the listener Ambulance Race car