1. Socials 9 The Thirteen Colonies

2. Why did British Settlers go to the 13 Colonies? Produce raw materials that would add to the wealth of Great Britain Gain religious or political freedom

3. 13 Colonies Settlement began early 1600s 1775 New France: pop. 70 000 13 Colonies: pop. 2.5 million!

4. Three Groups New England Settlers from England and Scotland Religious beliefs not accepted in England Economy: wheat farming, trade with Caribbean islands Many seaport towns Cities: Boston

5. Three Groups The Middle Colonies Settled by Dutch, Swedes, English, Germans, Scots, Irish, etc. “breadbasket”= most were farmers Crops sold to Britain and West Indies Cities: New York, Philadelphia

6. Three Groups The Southern Colonies Settlers from England, Scottland, France, Germany Tabacco, sugar, rice farms = plantations (owned by small powerful group) Slavery Cities: Charleston, Baltimore

7. Government Two levels: Community: local affairs Colonial: provincial issues

8. Community Government Town meetings All free adult males could participate Participatory democracy Elected town officers administered and enforced the laws – they did not make them!

9. Representative Government: Citizens elect people who represent them in their Legislative Assembly (decision-making body). Every individual has a voice in government, but only a small group actually makes the decisions. (p92)

10. Colonial Government First representative assembly in N.A. = the House of Burgesses (Williamsburg, Virginia) Governor invited each community to send two representatives Could pass laws, but couldn’t go against Britain’s laws Governor could VETO laws

11. Colonial Government Structure Governor – appointed by the king Council – helped the governor, also appointed Representative Assembly – made the laws, controlled how money was spent

12. Voting Only free adult males and women who owned property could vote for their representatives Slaves, most women, men without property of a certain size/did not pay enough taxes/did not have enough income couldn’t vote

13. For Your Notes: Please copy the “Colonial Government” chart on page 93 into your notes.