1. Unit 1 The Nature of Biology

2. Infer Flashcard Warm-up Independent variable Vs. Dependent Variable
Independent variable is the one changing factor in an experiment.
The dependent variable is the measureable results of the change (IV)
Draw a picture or use the word in a sentence.
Infer
To use evidence and
reason/logic to come up with a conclusion
Draw a picture or use the word in a sentence for every vocabulary flashcard warm-up.

3. Steps of the Scientific Method
1. Problem/Purpose- The question the lab will answer, must be testable, identifies variables
a. Independent variable – factor the scientist changes from group to group
b. Dependent variable – factor the scientist measures to see the effect of the independent variable
Variables and Controls Videoclip
2. Research: learn about the problem
3. Hypothesis: educated prediction
4. Procedure: the steps in the experiment to test the hypothesis
A. Control - normal conditions or absence of independent variable, used for comparison
B. Experimental group(s) have only one changing variable
5. Observations/Data: Don’t use opinion; Use factual descriptions or measurements
6. Analysis/Conclusion: Answers the purpose; accepts or rejects hypothesis

4. Science is Tentative
THEORY: the most logical explanation based on current evidence; becomes stronger as more evidence is gathered
LAW: universal generalization that is virtually unchanging; gravity
* Scientific knowledge must be shared, which allows other scientists to repeat and verify the work of others.

5. Good Experiments Begin with Good questions
  Does exposure to ultraviolet radiation cause increased risk of skin cancer?
�        Good question, but not necessarily easy to answer, though finding correlations may be relatively easy.
  Was Lee Harvey Oswald possessed by demons?
�        Bad question. Why? Well, first you must start with a definition of demon, and then come up with some objective means of measuring possessed-by-demons-ness.

6. “Testing the Greenhouse Effect” Discovery Education
Watch the Mythbusters video:
Watch for the parts of the scientific method we discussed as you watch the video see if you can identify the following:
Independent variable?
Dependent variable?
Control?
Experimental groups?
Constants?
Good or bad experimental design?

7. Ticket out the Door
1. Write down the 6 steps of the scientific method.
2. A controlled experiment will only have ____ changing variable.
3. Maria tested the effect of different fertilizer on the growth of her grass.
Independent variable?
Dependent variable?
Control?

8. Control Group Flashcard Warm-up Homeostasis
The group of test subjects in an experiment that are either given the “normal” conditions/dose or are not given the independent variable at all. This group is used for comparison.
Homeostasis
The regulation of internal conditions (such as temperature, oxygen levels, blood sugar levels) that allow an organism to survive.

9. What is biology? Biology: the study of (-ology) all life (bio)
Includes many branches:
1. Microbiology: The study of microorganisms
2. Ecology: The study of living things and
their environment
3. Cytology: The study of cells
4. Genetics: The study of heredity
5. Oncology: The study of cancer
6. Botany: The study of plants

10. Characteristics of Life
Organization: All life is made up of cells; all life needs six essential elements (CHNOPS)
Organism
Organ System
Organs
Tissues
Cells
Molecules
Atoms / Elements

11. Characteristics of Life Alive! Videoclip
Energy Use :organisms must make energy to construct building blocks in the body
Metabolism – all chemical reactions in an organism
Examples:
Synthesis – to build molecules
Break down molecules (nutrition)
Transport nutrients
Cellular respiration – produce energy

12. Characteristics of Life
3. Reproduction – making more organisms, for growth or repair; sexual or asexual
4. Growth and Development
Growth – to increase in size (# of cells)
Development – change in structure and function

13. 5. Respond to Stimuli - A reaction towards or away from a stimulus in the environment;
6. Adjust to Environment
Homeostasis - the regulation of an organism’s internal environment
Adaptation - an inherited structure, behavior, or internal process that enables organisms to better survive an environment.

14. Technology Compound Light Microscope:
Ocular
Compound Light Microscope:
Has two lenses – ocular (eyepiece) and objective to view thin specimens
Ocular x Objective = Magnification
Electron microscope:
Scanning electron microscope: SEM – 3D image
Transmission electron microscope: TEM – greatest magnification
Objective

15. Ticket out the door
1. List and describe three characteristics all living things have in common.

16. Flashcard Warm-up Metabolism STERNGRR is life!
All chemical reactions occurring in an organism
STERNGRR is life!
Write down the life process represented by each letter in STERNGRR

17. Life Processes: STERNGRR
Synthesis – making materials
Example: plants make sugar during photosynthesis
Transport – moving chemicals from location to location within cell or organism.
Example: our circulatory system transports oxygen and nutrients to all cells in our body
Excretion – getting rid of wastes
Example: urinating, sweating, exhaling carbon dioxide
Respiration – gas exchange AND production of energy (ATP)
Example: gas exchange; make energy from sugar

18. Life Processes (STERNGRR)
Nutrition – gaining energy from food source
Example: eating food!
Growth and Development – getting bigger and/or changing (puberty)
Regulation – controlling internal processes
Pancreas produces insulin to lower blood sugar levels in blood
Reproduction – producing new cells or new organisms

19. STERNGRR Project Each group of 3 will be assigned an animal or plant
You will need to research how that organism carries out each life process (STERNGRR)
Create a powerpoint presentation with pictures and slides-follow the rubric
Present Monday – short 4 to 5 min. presentation

20. STERNGRR Presentations
Take notes for each presentation, you should have a few words to describe how each animal presented carries out the essential life processes.
Make a Venn diagram to compare any two organisms presented, you may not use the organism your group presented
Don’t forget to write your individual summary paragraph about your groups organism!

21. Ticket Out the Door
The life processes that take place in all living organisms can be remembered as STERNGRR. What do the letters stand for?
Explain or define two

22. Characteristics of ALL living organisms:
Flashcard Warm-up
Characteristics of ALL living organisms:
Use your notes and write down the six characteristics of life and a brief explanation for each.

23. Unit 1 Work
Scientific Method Lab- Questions 1-5 from Blue sheet, 1J, data tables (article and questions on back)
1C,D, E
STERNGRR Summary and Venn Diagram
Characteristics of Life Chart
Problem Solving pgs. 9-12