1. Imperialism

2. Motives for Imperialism

3. Motives for Imperialism
Economic- need for new markets and raw materials
Political– boost national pride, expand territory, exercise military force
Social- racism, Social Darwinism, spread Christianity, white man’s burden

4. Forms of Colonial Control
Forms of Imperialism
Characteristics
African Example
Colony
Country governed internally by a foreign power
Somaliland by France
Protectorate
Country with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power
Niger River Delta by Britain
Sphere of Influence
Area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges
Liberia by the United States

5. Management Methods Indirect Control Direct Control Characteristics
-Local officials were used
-Limited self-rule
-Goal to develop future leaders
-Govt’s based on European styles, but may have local rulers
-Foreign officials brought into rule
- No self-rule
-Gold assimilation
-Govt’s institutions based only on European styles
Examples
-British colonies such as Nigeria, India, Burma
-U.S. colonies on Pacific Islands
-French colonies such as Somaliland, Vietnam
-German colonies such as Tanganyika

6. Scramble for Africa 1882- King Leopold II of Belgium claims the Congo
Claims to end slavery
1880- Scramble for Africa begins
Berlin Conference in
Africa divided with little thought to how African ethnic or linguistic groups were distributed
By 1914 only Liberia and Ethiopia remained free from European control

7. King Leopold

8. Scramble for Africa

9. Berlin Conference

10. Africa 1914

11. African Conflicts South Africa Ethiopia 1816- Shaka Zulu
Boers and the Great Trek
Boer War
Ethiopia
Menelik II
Battle of Adowa- Ethiopians defeat Italians

12. Shaka Zulu

13. Menelik II

14. “Heart of Darkness”

15. Impacts on Africa Positive Negative Reduced Local Warfare
Improved Sanitation
Life Span and Literacy Rates Increased
Negative
Loss of land and independence
Breakdown of traditional culture
Division of Continent

16. Imperialism in India
Fall of Mughal Empire- Controlled by British East India Company (“Jewel in the Crown”)
Negative Impacts
Loss of self-sufficiency
Cash crops leads to famine
Indian companies go out of business
Loss of traditional culture
Positive Impacts
Industrialization
Education
Sanitation

17. Sepoy Rebellion
Sepoys- Indian soldiers in British Army (mainly Muslim and Hindu)
Rifle Cartridges greased with beef and pork fat
Leads to Sepoy Rebellion
Failed Rebellion leads to Direct Rule (Raj)
New Direct Rule (Raj) paid by Salt Tax
Growing Indian Nationalism / Modernization
Ram Mohun Roy
Indian National Congress
Muslim League

19. Southeast Asia Power Lands Claimed Major Trade Products Dutch
Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Bali
Oil, Tin, rubber
British
Malaysia, Burma
Tin, Rubber
French
Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia
Rice
Americans
Philippines, Hawaii
Sugar, Bananas, Pineapples

20. China Rejects Trade with the West

21. Opium War

22. Opium War effects Treaty of Nanjing Taiping Rebellion
Britain given Hong Kong
Extraterritorial Rights
Taiping Rebellion
Empress Cixi self-strengthening movement
China Carved into Spheres of Influence
Open Door Policy
Boxer Rebellion

23. Boxer Rebellion

24. Japan Matthew Perry and the Treaty of Kanagawa Meiji Era
Modernized gov’t
Modernized army
Modernized education
Modernized economy / Industrialization

26. Imperial Japan Sino-Japanese War Russo-Japanese War
Gained Taiwan and Pescadores Islands
Russo-Japanese War
Disputed land of Manchuria and Korea
Defeated Russians (great humiliation)
Japan annexes Korea in 1910