1. Verso un curriculum plurilingue: Ancient vs Modern languages
ENGLISH vs LATIN
"VENI, VIDI, VICI!"
I came, I saw, I conquered!
Julius Caesar, (102 B.C. - 44B.C.)
Today, you will conquer vocabulary!
Attività proposta da Francesca Ripamonti - Docente Lingua Inglese
Scuola Secondaria II grado

2. Description: Description:
English prefixes, suffixes, and roots are shown in relationship to the Latin language and how current English words can be analyzed for meaning.
Description:

3. VERSO UN CURRICULUM PLURILINGUE: CLASSICAL vs MODERN LANGUAGES
Lesson Plan Title: LATIN vs ENGLISH!
Target group: Secondary school – age 15-16
Level B1 of the Common European Framework
VERSO UN CURRICULUM PLURILINGUE: CLASSICAL vs MODERN LANGUAGES

4. General aims:
To help students:
develop a plurilingual setting in the classroom
develop a deeper understanding of Word-formation
develop lexical competence, grammatical competence, phonological competence
develop a Plurilingual Attitude melting classical and modern languages, es. LATIN+ENGLISH

5. Specific aims:
to help students develop the following skills:
Recognising words and phrases in English related to ancient Latin origins
Using one’s own knowledge of Latin language to interpret and decipher new English words
Deducing the meaning and use of unknown words, detecting their prefixes/ affixes/ suffixes/ root words
Understanding the meaning and implications of prefixes/ affixes/suffixes/root words
Connecting this information to the other written and oral skills in order to engage the students in more confident interactions

6. Power point presentation of the activities Authentic reading texts
Materials:
Power point presentation of the activities
Authentic reading texts
Photocopies
Pictures/ Students’ drawings
Internet connections/ Internet sites

7. “Old, old, I’ve been told, has some value, worthy of gold!”
Now, let’s see the gifts of the ancient world and find out how their gifts have influenced us.

8. What does Ancient Rome have in common with our Modern world?
Do you know what it is?
What does Ancient Rome have in common with our Modern world?
It relates to Communication.
It’s Latin

9. 60% of the words in English are derived from Latin!

10. Latin helps us understand words.
Latin helps us understand English, Spanish & French grammars.
Literature, Medicine, & Law, all use Latin words.

11. By the end of this lesson we should be able to: break words into elements, analyze the parts, guess the meaning of the words.

12. This lesson will cover: Learning English word-elements such as affixes, prefixes, suffixes, and roots. Learning what these word elements mean. Learning how to break words into elements. ④Learning how to decipher word elements to understand the meaning of the word. ⑤ Learning how to apply this procedure to understand new words

13. do you know the definition of: First things first:
-ROOT WORD
-AFFIX
-PREFIX
-SUFFIX ?
First things first:

14. Affix: A word element, such as a prefix or suffix, that can only occur attached to a base, stem, or root. Prefix: A word element that is attached to the front of a root. Suffix: A word element that is attached to the end of the root.
Definitions:

15. Both Prefixes and Suffixes: -Usually cannot stand alone as a word
Both Prefixes and Suffixes: -Usually cannot stand alone as a word. -Give new meaning to the root to which they are attached to. Root: A word element that can sometimes stand alone as a word and the meaning is altered by a prefix and/or suffix.

16. Examples for a root word: Ex
Examples for a root word: Ex. We have a mission to do well on our vocabulary Test! The Latin root miss means “to send”. All the words below relate to the word send.

17. Match the words to the definitions
EXERCISE:
Match the words to the definitions
1.Commissioner (n.); 2.Admissible (adj.); 3.submissive (adj.) missionary (n);
5.missile (n.) missive (n).
___ a rocket or weapon sent through the air.
___ a person sent for a special task, usually religious.
___ a message sent through the mail.
___ yielding; obedient.
___ a person sent to meet with others to plan & make official decisions.
___ to allow to authorize

18. Example Answers:
How did you do on matching the words with the meanings?
1.Commissioner (n.); 2.Admissible (adj.); 3.submissive (adj.) missionary (n);
5.missile (n.) missive (n).
_5_ a rocket or weapon sent through the air.
_4_ a person sent for a special task, usually religious.
_6_ a message sent through the mail.
_3_ yielding; obedient.
_2_ a person sent to meet with others
to plan & make official decisions.
_1_ to allow to authorize

19. : The Latin prefix bene means “good, well”
: The Latin prefix bene means “good, well”. See how this prefix changes the meaning of the root words to relate to something good or well. 1.Benefactor(n.)= Someone who does good things 2.Beneficial (adj.)= Something good 3.Benefit (n or v)= A worthwhile event or being helped
Examples for Prefixes

20. The Latin prefix mal means “bad” and mis means “wrong”.
See how these prefixes change the meaning of the root words to relate to something bad or wrong.
Malefactor (n.) = a criminal
2.Malicious (adj.)= evil
3.Misfit (n)=Someone who does
not fit in.

21. Examples for Suffixes: suffixes change the meanings of the words
Examples for Suffixes: suffixes change the meanings of the words. Here are some examples: “ous”/”oso” gives the meaning of being full of 1. joyous 2. marvellous 3. furious

22. This chart will help you record word elements so you can refer to them later.
Entire word
& meaning
Root & meaning
Prefix & meaning
Suffix & meaning
BENEFACTOR=
A helpful person
FACT=to do/ to make
BENE= good
OR=condition,activity
MALEFACTOR=a criminal
MAL= bad
PRENATAL=
NAT=birth
PRE=before
AL=relating to

23. Prefix: PRENATAL Root: PRENATAL Suffix: PRENATAL
LET’s LOOK at the WORD PRENATAL:
Prefix: PRENATAL
Root: PRENATAL
Suffix: PRENATAL
How does Latin relate to any of these items?

24. Laetus natalis, tibi. Laetus natalis, care
HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO YOU IN LATIN
Laetus natalis, tibi.
Laetus natalis, care
Now, let’s analyze the word natalis

25. “Natalis” means birthday in Latin.
What is the root?
What do you think it means?
“Natalis” means birthday in Latin.
Nat is the Latin root and it means “birth”.
Question: Does “nat” fit the definition of a “root”?”.

26. Let’s be creative:
Let’s put some elements together and see what we have. Add the prefix “pre” meaning “before” to “nat”. Now add the suffix “al” meaning “relating to” to “nat”. What is the new word? Pre + nat + al (Prenatal) What does it mean? It means “before birth”.

27. Now let’s see some more words
Here’s a new one: Add the prefix “neo” meaning “new” to “nat”. neo + nat The actual spelling of the word is neonate. And it means new birth such as a newborn!
Now let’s see some more words

28. Now let’s add the suffix “ive”, meaning “directed towards” to the root “nat”. Nat + ive 1)Write down your prediction of the definition of this word. 2)Now look “native” up in the dictionary & write the definition. Were you correct? ? ?

29. You’re on your way to being a great Roman thinker!
Now investigate these new words : INNATE, NATALITY, NATUROPATHY TENACIOUS, SUPERFLUOUS REMEMBER: Prefix: in = not Suffixes: al = relating to ity = state of pathy = to experience, suffer Decode the meanings by connecting the definitions of the prefixes and suffixes to the root word. Then analyze in what way the meaning has changed.
You’re on your way to being a great Roman thinker!

30. How close did you come in your predictions
How close did you come in your predictions? Write down your predictions of what each word means or relates to. Explain your reasoning. Look up the words in the dictionary and write down the definition of each

31. Match prefixes on the left to their meanings on the right.
___ Re- (renew) ) wrong, bad
_____ Pre- (preview) ) before
_____ Mis- (misbehave) ) again, back
_____ De- (deforestation) ) eight
_____ Tele- (television) ) one, same, whole
_____ Un- (unhappy) ) remove or reduce
_____ Bi- (biweekly) ) twice, (two times)
_____ Uni- (uniform) ) far, distant
_____ Octo- (octopus) ) many, (usually more than two)
_____ Sub- (subway) ) under or low
_____ Multi- (multiple) ) not

32. Prefix/Suffix Multiple Choice
Circle the best available answer for each of the following:
1) This newspaper is a BIWEEKLY.
a) the newspaper is published once a week
b) the newspaper is published three times a week
c) the newspaper is published twice a week
2) This medicine is a nasal DECONGESTANT.
a) the medicine helps to reduce nasal congestion
b) the medicine causes nasal congestion
c) the medicine makes your nose bigger
3) That shopping bag is REUSABLE.
a) throw the shopping bag away, we won’t need it again
b) don’t throw away the shopping bag because we can use it again.
c) if you throw the shopping bag we cannot use it again
4) I’m sorry I MISREAD the notice and therefore MISUNDERSTOOD the message.
a) Did not read the notice correctly and therefore did not understand correctly.
b) Read the notice and understood the message correctly
c) Did not read the notice and therefore did not understand the message.

33. Prefix/Suffix Multiple Choice
Circle the best available answer for each of the following:
5) We usually do not publish articles we don’t PREVIEW.
a) we usually read articles before publication
b) we do not read articles after publication
c) we read articles the day we publish them
6) REFORESTATION will help to RESTORE our environment.
a) planting trees again will REPLENISH our environment.
b) cutting down trees will further help to worsen the environment.
c) forests should be cut to improve the worsening environmental pollution
7)Why is it called “OCTOBER” when it is not the eighth month of the year?
a) Because this is an exception with the OCTO prefix.
b) There is no reason why.
c) Because October used to be the eighth month of the Roman Calendar

34. You have learned how to predict what familiar/unfamiliar words mean by applying the definitions of affixes. You’ve entered the exciting world of word discovery and higher understanding of literature. Now you’re a great English Latin thinker!
Congratulations!

35. References: -The Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, 1976, G.&M. Merriam Co. -Pennock, R.T., Tower of Babel: The Evidence Against the New Creationism, MIT Press, Cambridge MA, USA, Walshe, M.O.C., A Concise German Etymological Dictionary, Routledge & Kegan, London, 2003.