2. The Ankle Anatomy & INJURIES

3. Bone Stability Tibia, Fibula, Talus Form the “Ankle Mortise” Very stable joint Most injured joint

4. Difference in Stability

5. Ankle Ligaments (lateral side)

6. Ankle ligaments (medial side)

7. Ankle Muscles Extensor / Flexor digitorum Extensor / Flexor hallux Tibialis Anterior – Dorsiflex and invert Tibialis Posterior – Plantarflex and invert Peroneal longus/brevis – Plantarflex and evert Gastrochnemius/soleus – Plantarflex

8. Ankle Injuries Sprains Strains Contusions Fractures Dislocations / Subluxations Tendonitis Bursitis

9. Inversion Sprains Most common sports injury Plantarflexion and Inversion

12. Eversion Sprains Injure the Deltoid Ligament Less common than Inversion Sprains Usually results in an ankle fracture or knee injury

13. “High Ankle Sprain” Syndesmotic Joint Tibiofibular ligaments Injury mechanism – ankle external rotation Very long recovery time Difficult rehab (weight bearing)

15. Kicking injuries?

19. Running Injuries

21. Lifting Injuries

22. Contact Sport Injuries

26. Care for Ankle Injuries R – rest I - ice C – compression E - elevation

27. Ankle Rehabilitation Decrease Swelling Increase ROM –Passive / Active ROM Increase Strength –Isometric followed by isotonic Increase Weight Bearing Increase Achilles Flexibility Increase Function Return to Activity