1. SITE 6 – DELAWARE RIVER RIGHT BANK BLOW-OUT UP THE HILL FROM THE DELAWARE RIVER (SWIRLING RIVER EROSION & GROUNDWATER PIPING) DELAWARE WATER GAP NATIONAL RECREATION AREA NATIONAL PARK SERVICE PROJECT CONSTRUCTED SEPTEMBER 10-15, 2009

2. CONTACT: Kara_Deutsch@NPS.GOV LOCATION: In the northern section of the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, proceed north on Rt. 209 approx. 8 to 10 miles. There is a large open field with the Delaware River to the east, slow down. There is a large house to the west at the northern end of the field. Opposite is a small barn with turn off area and dirt road leading to the site. Site is to the north of the end of the dirt road where it gets close to the trail.Kara_Deutsch@NPS.GOV

3. PROBLEMS  This bowl-shaped upper bank blow-out appears to have been initially eroded by river flows guided into the area by a jam of large downed trees at the toe of the right bank (see next slide). The swirling water eroded the bank leaving a circular failure with steep banks.  Additional erosion has been caused by flood waters draining back into the eroded area from the surrounding fields during high water events.  A third stressor is groundwater piping exiting the eroding bank at an old stream location. The stream was rerouted decades ago. Water seeps from the active failing bank.  The actively eroding bank is failing in an uphill direction & presently threatening an important archeological site.

4. Aerial view of project area with work limits delineated. Note Large Woody debris (LWD) in river that vectored river energy into the bank causing the bank to initially erode. Courtesy of Ecological Restoration, Inc.

5. PRE-PROJECT PHOTOS by Dave Derrick July 23, 2008, Dec. 15, 2008, & Sept. 9, 2009

6. From top bank, looking downhill at the blow-out area. PRE-PROJECT DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6 - PIX BY DERRICK 7-23-2008

7. Looking north, this area has decent native grasses. PRE-PROJECT DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6 - PIX BY DERRICK 7-23-2008

8. Vertical eroding scarp is masked by vegetation. PRE-PROJECT DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6 - PIX BY DERRICK 7-23-2008

9. Looking uphill (west) at eroding bank, gully & escarpment. PRE-PROJECT DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6 - PIX BY DERRICK 7-23-2008

10. Looking uphill (west) @ the eroding escarpment partially caused by groundwater seepage. PRE-PROJECT DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6 - PIX BY DERRICK 7-23-2008

11. Escarpment & erosion is easier to see during winter PRE-PROJECT DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 12-15-2008

12. Looking uphill (southwest) @ escarpment & eroded bank. PRE-PROJECT DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 12-15-2008

13. Looking south @ escarpment & bank erosion. PRE-PROJECT DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 12-15-2008

14. THE PLAN

15. SOLUTIONS (THE PLAN)  This project is designed to stabilize the bank at the present location by using “soft” stabilization methods. Banks will be sloped and a sloping 12 inch thick gravel French drain installed. The drain will be covered with geotextile and a foot thick layer of topsoil. Native grasses will be seeded in all disturbed areas & over the French drain. A 100% coir Erosion Control Blanket will be installed over the soil with many species of rooted stock shrubs installed at the top and bottom of the French drain. At the toe of the slope two rows of coir logs will be installed with two rows of rooted willow & dogwood whips, & unrooted willows planted in between.  On the lower river bank, 3 rows of rooted willow whips will be installed to bridge a gap in the existing riparian corridor & reduce the chance of high river flows from again swirling into the repaired bank area.

16. Courtesy of Ecological Restoration, Inc.

17. CONSTRUCTION PHOTOS by Dave Derrick, September 10-14, 2009

18. A follow-the-river hiking path had just been completed at the project site. We used a portion of the path for access. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

19. PLANTS PLANTED  Fragrant Sumac 27 3 gallon pots  Silky Dogwood 400 bare root & cuttings  Black Willow 1210 cuttings & tree bands  Ninebark 9 3 gallon pots  Nannyberry 57 1 gallon pots  Arrowwood 56 1 gallon pots  Grey Dogwood 27 3 gallon pots Common Name # Size

20. TRENCH PLANTING ROOTED-STOCK WILLOW WHIPS DOWN BY THE RIVER

21. Looking downhill @ mini trackhoe digging a trench for the rooted-stock willow whips. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

22. NARROW TRENCH PLANTING TECHNIQUE Dig the trench. Spoil

23. NARROW TRENCH PLANTING TECHNIQUE Place the last scoop of dug soil back in the trench so plantings are in loose material. Spoil

24. Looking DS @ the trench closest to the river & two flats of willow whips. Three trenches parallel with the river will be dug & planted with willow to tie into the existing US & DS forested riparian buffer. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

25. NARROW TRENCH PLANTING TECHNIQUE Place rooted-stock willow whips into loose soil in trench. Lean whips against side of trench away from the spoil pile Spoil

26. Rooted-stock Black Willow whips in tree bands (small pots) CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

27. Willows are 6 months old, cuttings were planted in a 2.75 inch by 2.75 inch by 6 inch pot in March (now 4-6 ft tall, approx.½ diameter) CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

28. Close-up of rooted-stock Black Willow whips in trench. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

29. Close-up of rooted-stock Black Willow whips in trench. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

30. Whips in trench, planted at a rate of three whips per foot. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

31. NARROW TRENCH PLANTING TECHNIQUE Water plants in & backfill.

32. Mini-excavator backfilling trench, which plants the willows. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

33. Looking DS. The trench closest to the river is keyed up & into the existing riparian forest @ both the US & DS ends. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

34. Looking DS @ the uppermost of the 3 trench plantings. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

35. Looking DS @ the uppermost of the 3 trench plantings. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

36. Close-up of the trench willow plantings. Good sandy soil. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

37. Looking DS @ all 3 parallel willow trenches & silt fence. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

38. TRENCH PLANTING THE ROOTED-STOCK WILLOW WHIPS DOWN BY THE RIVER IS COMPLETE !!

39. NEXT ARE THREE SETS OF PIX OF THE FRENCH DRAIN AREA LOOKING NORTH, EAST, & SOUTH. PIX ARE PRE-PROJECT, CONSTRUCTION, & POST-PROJECT

40. THE FRENCH DRAIN, WITH GEOTEXTILE, SOIL, NATIVE GRASS SEED, & COIR MATTING (LOOKING NORTH)

42. Looking north @ the eroded, unstable bank. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

43. An archeological dig was undertaken at the eroding bank. We understand nothing of significance was found. This was filled with the 3 inch gravel filter material to form a chimney drain. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

44. Looking north. Bank sloped with the mini tracked loader. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

45. SUITABLE STONE

46. For the “French drain’ sloped filter a 1 ft thick layer of 3 inch poorly sorted gravel was used. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

47. Looking north. Spreading filter gravel with the mini loader. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

48. Gravel staged down over sloped bank. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

49. Gravel spread, ready for the geotextile separator. Mound at top bank will not allow rainwater to gully down new slope. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

50. Geotextile will be tucked in @ sharp edge @ top bank. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

51. Rolling geotextile over filter. Twelve inches of soil has been placed over the geotextile in the foreground. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

52. Geotextile key trenched at top & partially covered @ toe. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

53. Looking north @ 12’ soil cover over geotextile. Seeding next. Trenches at bottom will be planted with willow & dogwood. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2009

54. Cutting coir blanket to length plus close-up. This is a 700 series (700 grams per sq. meter blanket. Heavy& tough. Traps soil & seed well, sticks in dirt when wet, open weave, can be reseeded if needed CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2009

55. Looking north. 100% coir Erosion Control Blanket covers soil & seed. Two trenches at toe planted with Black Willow & dogwood. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-14-2009

56. Close-up of trench plantings & trenched-in toe of coir ECB. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-14-2009

57. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE Photos by Dave Derrick SEPT. 18, 2009

58. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-DELAWARE R-SITE 6-DERRICK 9-18-2009 CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-Looking north @ top bank

59. 5 DAYS AFTER PROJECT COMPLETION Photos by Derrick SEPT. 23, 2009

60. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking north @ top bank. 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010

61. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking north. Note cover crop grass growing through coir matting. Native grass will germinate spring 2010. 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010

62. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking north @ top, slope, & toe. 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010

63. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking north @ toe. Unrooted willow leaves have withered, while rooted willow poles are robust. 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010

64. THE FRENCH DRAIN WITH GEOTEXTILE, SOIL, SEED, AND COIR MATTING (LOOKING EAST)

65. Looking east. Sloping bank with the mini tracked loader. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

66. Sloping & grading bank. Filter gravel staged. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-10-2009

67. Looking east. Spreading filter gravel with the mini loader. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

68. Geotextile in place, some soil staged. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

69. Upper edge of geotextile is tucked in @ vertical face of gravel. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

70. Looking uphill @ staged soil on geotextile. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

71. Looking uphill @ staged soil on geotextile. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

72. Looking uphill. Ready to roll geotextile downslope. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

73. Looking downhill @ 12” layer of soil over the geotextile. Site is now ready to be seeded & 100% coir Erosion Control Blanket (ECB) laid out & anchored down. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

74. Looking east. Site has been seeded. Coir mat is now being installed. Note key trench for ECB @ toe of slope. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2009

75. Looking east @ upper key trench for coir matting (ECB). CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2009

76. Looking east. Rolling coir & anchoring with wire staples. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2009

77. Close-up of trench plantings & trenched-in toe of coir ECB. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-14-2009

78. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-18-2009 Completed slope filter, geotextile, soil layer, seed, & ECB with two rows of narrow trench dogwood & willow rooted poles & 2 coir logs

79. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-18-2009 Completed slope filter, geotextile, soil layer, seed, & ECB with two rows of narrow trench dogwood & willow rooted poles & 2 coir logs

80. Coir logs tied into hillside @ DS end. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-18-2009

81. Looking downhill @ upper bank riparian plantings. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-18-2009

82. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE Photos by Dave Derrick SEPT. 18, 2009

83. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-DELAWARE R.-SITE 6-DERRICK 9-18-2009 CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-Looking east @ top bank & slope

84. 5 DAYS AFTER PROJECT COMPLETION Photos by Derrick SEPT. 23, 2009

85. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking east @ top bank plantings. 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010

86. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking east @ cover crop grass growing through the coir Erosion Control Blanket. 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010

87. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking east @ top, slope, & toe. 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010

88. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking @ toe. Rooted willow poles are robust while unrooted willow pole leaves have withered.

89. THE FRENCH DRAIN WITH GEOTEXTILE, SOIL, SEED, AND COIR MATTING - LOOKING SOUTH (FROM UPSTREAM LOOKING DOWNSTREAM)

90. Looking south @ sloped bank & completed gravel filter, with a portion covered with geotextile & 12” soil layer. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

91. Looking south @ sloped bank & completed gravel filter, with a portion covered with geotextile & 12” soil layer CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-11-2009

92. Looking south, French drain & geotextile in. Some areas the soil layer, seed, & ECB has been installed. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2009

93. Vegetation in center was left alone as many high quality native grasses are populating that area. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2009

94. All slope work is complete, trench plantings in at toe. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-14-2009

95. Close-up of trench plantings & trenched-in toe of coir ECB. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-14-2009

96. Looking south @ completed slope. CONSTRUCTION DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-14-2009

97. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE Photos by Dave Derrick SEPT. 18, 2009

98. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-DELAWARE R-SITE 6-DERRICK 9-18-2009 CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-Looking south @ top bank plants.

99. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-DELAWARE R-SITE 6-DERRICK 9-18-2009 CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-Looking south @ top bank plants, and top bank mound that will guide rain water away from slope

100. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-DELAWARE R-SITE 6-DERRICK 9-18-2009 CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-Looking south @ completed slope filter, geotextile, soil layer, seed, & ECB with two rows of narrow trench dogwood & willow rooted poles & 2 coir logs.

101. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-DELAWARE R-SITE 6-DERRICK 9-18-2009 CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-Coir logs keyed up slope

102. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-DELAWARE R-SITE 6-DERRICK 9-18-2009 CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-Close-up of plants @ toe.

103. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-DELAWARE R-SITE 6-DERRICK 9-18-2009 CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-Looking south @ toe.

104. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-DELAWARE R-SITE 6-DERRICK 9-18-2009 CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-Looking south @ the project

105. CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-DELAWARE R-SITE 6-DERRICK 9-18-2009 CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-Looking south @ the overall project

106. 5 DAYS AFTER PROJECT COMPLETION Photos by Derrick SEPT. 23, 2009

107. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking south @ top bank. 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010

108. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking south @ top bank & slope. Note cover crop grass growing through coir mat. 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010

109. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking south @. Top, slope, & toe. Note mound at top slope to prevent overbank flow down slope 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010

110. 5 DAYS LATER-Looking south @ project & native grasses in center that were not disturbed. 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010

111. 5 DAYS LATER-Filling ruts in haul road. 5 DAYS LATER - DELAWARE RIVER-SITE 6-PIX BY DERRICK 9-23-2010 TOTALLY FINISHED

112. 1 YEAR AFTER PROJECT COMPLETION Photos by Dave Derrick SEPT. 12, 2010

113. 1 YEAR LATER-Looking US @ the US end of one of the rows of willows. So much other growth, hard to find willows, time will tell. Entire project was well vegetated & very stable, very little sediment. 1 YEAR LATER-DELAWARE R.-SITE 6 PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2010

114. 1 YEAR LATER-Looking east at toe of south slope. Decent growth, rooted- stock willows did better than unrooted poles. Very little sediment by coir logs. 1 YEAR LATER-DELAWARE R.-SITE 6 PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2010

115. 1 YEAR LATER-Something is tearing up the 100% Coir logs, but they have served their purpose. Very little sediment came off of the slopes, which is good!! 1 YEAR LATER-DELAWARE R.-SITE 6 PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2010

116. 1 YEAR LATER-Looking north @ west slope. All sections well vegetated & stable. Willow growth is decent. 1 YEAR LATER-DELAWARE R.-SITE 6 PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2010

117. 1 YEAR LATER-Looking @ coir logs & willows. All vegged, all stable (bottom, slopes, & top bank), no slope movement. 1 YEAR LATER-DELAWARE R.-SITE 6 PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2010

118. 1 YEAR LATER-Looking north @ west & north slopes. All vegged, all stable, no slope movement, very little sediment. 1 YEAR LATER-DELAWARE R.-SITE 6 PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2010

119. 1 YEAR LATER-Looking south @ west slope. All vegged, all stable, no slope movement, very little sediment. 1 YEAR LATER-DELAWARE R.-SITE 6 PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2010

120. 1 YEAR LATER-Looking southwest. All vegged, all stable, no slope movement, very little sediment. 1 YEAR LATER-DELAWARE R.-SITE 6 PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2010

121. 1 YEAR LATER-Looking @ west slope. All vegged, all stable, no slope movement, very little sediment. 1 YEAR LATER-DELAWARE R.-SITE 6 PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2010

122. 1 YEAR LATER-Looking toward the river. All vegged, all stable, no slope movement, very little sediment. 1 YEAR LATER-DELAWARE R.-SITE 6 PIX BY DERRICK 9-12-2010

123. This PowerPoint presentation was developed & built by Dave Derrick. Any questions or comments, call my personal cell @ 601-218-7717, or email @ d_derrick@r2d-eng.com Enjoy the information!! d_derrick@r2d-eng.com

124. CONSTRUCT-LIVING DIKES-DINGMANS CR. PIX BY DERRICK 9-25-09 #1 Saints fan!!