1. Cornell Notes = 2 sheets of paper
Please organize your notes
Take out your research paper
Staple it
Pass it forward along with any late work

2. Lasted approx. 677 years (Rome began 509 BC – 476 AD) Why Rome Fell
Problems within the Empire
Large size made communication difficult
Corruption became common
Rich citizens left Rome for country estates
Taxes and prices rose
Problems Outside the Empire
5. Barbarians invaded the empire
6. Attila, the leader of the Huns (Asia)
7. Goths from Germany sacked (destroyed) Rome

3. (Middle Ages)
Medieval Period
Dark
Ages
Fall of Roman Empire (476)

4. (Middle Ages) Medieval Period Dark Ages Fall of Roman Empire (476)
Fall of Roman Empire (476)

5. Europe after the Fall of Rome

6. Ch. 9-2: pgs
After the fall of Rome, groups moved into Europe and divided the lands among themselves.
2. The leaders of these groups called themselves kings.
3.The creation of kingdoms marked the
beginning of the Middle Ages, a
period lasting from 500 to 1500.
4. Another name for this age is the medieval period.
1. Fall of Rome
2. kings
3. Middle Ages

7. Christianity spread to northern Europe through the work of missionaries and monks.
5. a term used to describe the period between 400 and 1000 AD in Europe. After the collapse of Roman rule, there was a societal and cultural decline in Western Europe. This period brought barbarian invasions, sacked cities, decline in art and learning, and the feudal system.
6. The most powerful force that helped spread Christianity was the pope.
7. the main authority or the head of
the Catholic Church
5. The Dark Ages
6. missionaries
pg. 235
7. pope

8. 8. The pope sent missionaries out
to convert people to Christianity
(to get other to follow his
religion)
9. Were sent by the pope to help
spread Christianity throughout
northern Europe.
10. Many missionaries were called saints
11. a monk who converted the Irish to
Christianity
8. Pope
9. Missionary
10. Saints
11. Saint Patrick

9. St. Patrick
A Christian monk who traveled from Britain to Ireland and converted the Irish to Christianity
Yes, St. Patrick’s Day is named after him to honor him.
St. Patrick died on March 17, 460 A.D.

10. “hierarchy” of
lords
and
tenants.

12. Monestary Rules 12. Benedictine Rules (a) (b) (c)
13. Contribution of Monks
(d)
(e)
(f)
12. Benedictine
rules
13. Monks
Spread Christianity

13. copy Cornell Notes Style
Contributions of Monks
spread Christianity
ran schools
copied books
collected & saved ancient writings
served as scribes (writers) to local rulers
provided aid such as health care
Monastery RULES:
Benedictine Rule
what to eat
how to dress
how to be good Christians

14. Cornell Notes = 2 sheets of paper
Please organize your notes
Turn in late work
a) grade sheets,
b) research paper
c) China storyboard, etc
3. All other assignments for ch. 9 turn in next Friday

15. Please take out your planner
Friday, Feb. 19
Please take out your planner
Happy V-Day!
Europe map
Charlemagne and Clovis
Time Magazine Cover
Feudalism book (we will make it today)
Feudal Society (late)
Mind your manors (late)
Feudalism and Manor Life Definitions.

16. Wed. 17th ch. 9 test All class notes are due ch. 9
Clovis and Charlemagen due
Ch. 9 study guide due

17. Please be seated
Please take out your spiral notebooks or notebook papers
Twistables, markers, etc.
We are going to take Cornell Notes
Please begin creating your notes

18. We are going to create a book about feudalism
These notes for our book will also be used for the test that we will have next week

19. Christianity spread into northern Europe
2. The 480’s, the Franks conquered Gaul
3. The ruler’s name was Clovis
In the 700’s, he became king of Gaul
Helped build a huge empire included France, Germany, Austria, Italy and northern Spain
3. Also a Frankish, Christian king

20. 4. Because of Clovis, Franks became
Christian
5. A powerful Frankish, Christian king
6. Gaul = France & Germany
4. Also a Frankish, Christian king
5. He spend money on warfare, education, art, religion/schools

21. Additional Facts
7. Muslims and Vikings invaded and destroyed the empire
8. Vikings invaded the coastlines and built small ships to travel along the rivers so that they can destroy towns and villages

22. Viking and Muslim Invasions
Asia
Scandinavia

23. TIME
due next Friday
DIRECTIONS: create a magazine cover of Clovis, Charlemagne, Viking or Muslim raids, any topic mentioned between pgs
Draw and color a picture
Include 3-5 facts on the cover

24. Front cover
a) title is Feudalism
b) pg. 243
14. feudalism

25. The inside cover (left-hand side)
15. Copy these notes at the very bottom of your book
Notes
Feudalism began in the
1000’s when Frankish knights
introduced it to northern Italy,
Spain, and Germany. Later, it
spread into eastern Europe.
15. Feudalism
Began = title
*see pg. 244

26. Feudalism Began
Feudalism began in the 1000’s when Frankish knights introduced it
to northern Italy, Spain and Germany. Later, it spread into eastern
Europe.
draw a picture here

27. The right-hand side
16. Copy these notes at the bottom of the page and draw and color a picture above the notes
Notes to copy
William the Conqueror was a french
noble who introduced feudalism to
France. William was also known for
defeating the English at the Battle of
Hastings. Later, he became king of
England.
16. William the Conqueror and the Battle of Hastings
= the title
Pg. 244

28. The Back of the Book
Notes to Copy
When a knight received land from his lord, the land was called a fief. Many knights had legal contracts with peasants who worked on the land. These peasants were called serfs. Their legal tie or contract meant that they could not run off and work somewhere else. They had to work at the manor they had a contract with.
17. Manor Life
= title
Pg. 244

29. Book directions
Title
Copy the facts at the bottom of the page

30. 14. feudalism Front cover a) title is Feudalism b) pg. 243
c) copy the picture
14. feudalism

31. Continue to use this format

33. Continue to use this format

35. Continue to use this format

36. the Franks (“the bold”) led by King Clovis (becomes King at 15)
conquers what is now France & Germany
Europe stayed mostly Christian
732. AD – Battle of Tours, France
Charles Martel defeated Muslims
MAP

37. Charlemagne’s Empire puts great value on learning
Europe stayed mostly Christian
732. AD
Charles Martel defeated Muslims
Tours, France
Who was Charlemagne and what did he accomplish?
Charlemagne’s Empire
Charles Martel’s grandson
becomes king in 768
wages wars of conquest
makes losers accept Roman church
800 AD declared emperor by church
“Holy Roman Empire”
Strengthens Christian church
unifies worship services
forces church leaders to learn to read & write
puts great value on learning
many books destroyed by wars
has scholars copy books to preserve for future
MAP

38. puts great value on learning
- many books destroyed by wars
- has scholars copy books to preserve for future
Medieval England
Scandinavian Vikings attack Europe and England (throughout 800s)
English King: Alfred the Great
fights and repels Vikings for 30 years
After Alfred’s death
William Duke of Normandy claims throne
1066 defeats English under King Harold
called battle of Hastings
King “William the Conqueror”
descendant of Vikings who settled in France
William uses “feudalism”
gives fiefs (land) to vassals (loyal soldiers)
vassals swear an oath of fealty (allegiance)
vassals use knights (soldiers) to support king
a hierarchy (ranks, levels) of authority / loyalty
What is feudalism?
Viking Map
MAP

42. King
Vassals
knights

46. Viking Raids and Explorations

47. Ch. 2, remember when Rome fell, it was destroyed by barbarian invaders from
Europe and Asia. They completely burned and destroyed the empire. Attila was the leader of the Huns who were barbarians from Asia.

48. Spread of Christianity
Some missionaries traveled great distances to spread Christianity.

49. Monks
Monks were religious men who lived apart from society in isolated communities.
Monks were very dedicated to their faith and spent time in prayer, work, and meditation.
Communities of monks, or monasteries, were built all over Europe.
Most European monasteries followed the rules created by Saint Benedict, an Italian monk.

50. Influence of Monks
Although monks lived in isolated communities, they performed many services.
The monks gave aid to the poor and needy.
They ran schools and copied books.
The monks collected and saved writings from Greece and Rome.
Some monks served as scribes and advisers for local rulers.

51. The Franks, led by Charlemagne, created a huge Christian empire and brought together scholars from around Europe.
As Christianity spread, political changes also took place. In the 480s a powerful group called the Franks conquered Gaul. Their influence would extend far beyond Gaul in the coming years.

52. Charlemagne Charlemagne came to power in the 700s.
He was the leader of the Franks.
Charlemagne was a fierce warrior and a strong king.
As a warrior, he conquered many kingdoms.
As a king, his reign included France, Germany, Austria, Italy, and northern Spain.

53. Accomplishments of Charlemagne
He led the Franks in building a huge empire.
The pope crowned Charlemagne the king of the Holy Roman Empire.
He was a great administrator of schools.
Scholars were brought in during his reign to teach in his kingdom.

54. Invaders of Europe Muslims
Muslim armies poured into southern France and northern Italy.
Magyars
Magyars were fierce warriors who swept into Europe, attacking towns and destroying fields.
Vikings
Vikings came from Scandinavia and raided Britain, Ireland, and western Europe.

55. Lords Lords sent help to the vassals if they were attacked.
They built castles to defend
themselves against attack.
The lords could not punish the vassals without good reason.
If a lord failed to do what he was supposed to, the vassal could break all ties with him.

56. Vassals Served their lords in times of war
Gave money to their lords on special occasions such as weddings
Gave their lords food and shelter whenever they came to visit.

57. William the Conqueror
A French noble named William was the duke of Normandy when it decided to conquer England.
The duke invaded England in 1066 and became known as William the Conqueror.
William and his men defeated the English, and William declared himself king of England.
He gave his knights land in return for their loyalty.
This was the beginning of feudalism in England.

58. The Manor System
A large estate owned by a knight or lord was called a manor.
The manor included a large house or castle, pastures, fields, and forests.
Most medieval lords kept one-half to one-third of the land for themselves.
The rest of the land was divided among peasants and serfs, workers who were tied to the land on which they lived.

59. Manor System

60. The Manor System
A large estate owned by a knight or lord was called a manor.
The manor included a large house or castle, pastures, fields, and forests.
Most medieval lords kept one-half to one-third of the land for themselves.
The rest of the land was divided among peasants and serfs, workers who were tied to the land on which they lived.

61. Ch. 9-3
Pgs

62. Kings and Queens = Lords
Nobles & Knights = Vassals of the king and queen
Vassal = a noble or a knight who received land from a king or queen
Lord = a knight or a noble who received his own land

63. Lords and Vassals
Kings and lords were like the emperors and daimyo, or landowners, of Japan.
They controlled the lands and had warriors who helped them defend their property.
In Europe the warriors were known as knights. In Japan they were known as samurai.