1. Ecosystems Chapter 2 Mr. Sierra

2. What is an “Ecosystem”?  All the different organisms living in a certain area, along with their physical environment.  This includes:  Biotic & Abiotic Factors Chapter 2 - Section 1

3. Biotic = Abiotic = Chapter 2 - Section 1 Living Things Non-Living Things

4. Link to Prezi: Click HereClick Here http://prezi.com/xqmuenp1d5ex/ecosystems/ 1. Individual Organism 2. Population 3. Community 4. Ecosystem 5. Biosphere Biosphere Chapter 2 - Section 1

5. Niche vs. Habitat  Niche : an organism’s way of life  Habitat : the actual place where an organism lives  Biomes : regions that have distinctive climates and organisms – may contain many separate but similar ecosystems. Chapter 2 - Section 1

6. Species Interactions Chapter 2 - Section 2 InteractionDefinitionExamples Competition Two or more organisms of the same or different species attempt to use the same limited resource. Oak trees and maple trees competing for light. Fish and Frogs eating bugs in the water. Predation/ Parasitism Organisms that live in or on another organism and feed on it without immediately killing it. (One species benefits, one is harmed.) Predation: wolf and rabbit Parasitism: flea and wolf Mutualism A cooperative partnership between two species in which both species benefit. - (also called symbiotic relationships) Insect pollination of flowers Commensalism A relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped. Birds on the back of a rhinoceros. Amensalism/ Allelopathy One species harms another (typically by releasing a chemical or toxic substance), but is not affected itself. affects the development and growth of neighboring plants. Eucalyptus & Black Walnuts http://www.learner.org/courses/envsci/unit/text.php?unit=4&secNum=7

7. “Survival of the Fittest” Chapter 2 - Section 3

8. Natural Selection The unequal survival and reproduction that results from the presence or absence of particular “traits”. Chapter 2 - Section 3 (Starburst Activity)

9. Evolution  A change in the genetic characteristics of populations from one generation to the next. Chapter 2 - Section 3 CoEvolution  When 2 or more species evolve in response to each other.

10. Adaptation  An inherited trait that increases an organism’s chance of survival and reproduction in a certain environment. Chapter 2 - Section 3

11. Extinction  When the last individual of a species dies. Threatened  Endangered  Extinct! Chapter 2 - Section 3 Project Make a PowerPoint based on an Endangered Species of animal, insect or plant. Requirements Location : include population/habitat maps and migration routes Quantity : how many are left - in the wild vs. in captivity Causes : why are they threatened or endangered? Solution : how are they being protected / reproduced today? See “assignments” page of website for more information.