1. 0 Communication Needs for a 21 st Century Railroad May 17, 2007 IEEE Communications Society CQR International Workshop 2007

2. 1 BNSF Fast Facts Infrastructure 32,000 miles of track 6,300 locomotives 220,000 freight cars on system 40,000 employees Shipments Intermodal train = 250 trucks 5.4 million intermodal shipments annually International – 3.2 million Domestic – 2.2 million 50 million packages for UPS – Christmas 10% of the vehicles sold in the U.S. Coal to power 1 out of every 10 homes in U.S. Grain to supply bread to 900 million people for a year Lumber to build 500,000 homes Lube oil to fill 1.6 billion quarts of motor oil Largest transporter by rail in U.S. for: Aircraft Parts Beer & wine BNSF Rail Network

3. 2 Customers We Serve

4. 3 Communication Needs and Challenges Meet customers expectations Full supply chain visibility / shipment management from cradle to grave To and from customers to manage the complete transaction cycle Demand, shipment instructions, origins, destinations, service levels Among systems, management personnel, and business partners To manage our assets Crews, Power, Railcars, Trains, Network Across our network, real time Channels include EDI, web applications, wireless, handhelds, RFID, GPS Past Timely communication of quality information drives technology initiatives Transaction Exchanges Asset Tracking & Control Automated Data Capture Present Future Optimization Partner Collaboration Advance Planning

5. 4 Transportation Process Carload Intermodal

6. 5 Communication Channels Shipment Initiation Customer orders car Web apps Assign empty car to customer Equipment Distribution Spot empty car to customer Crew instructed Work Order generation (TSS) Shipping instructions EDI, Web apps Aggregation Customer loads & releases car EDI, Switch & Release Pull loaded car from customer Crew instructed Work Order generation (TSS) Trip plan for car generated Locomotive assigned Service Scheduling Transportation Locomotive transports assigned cars AEI – car tags & rail network readers Locomotives equipped with GPS Car & train events recorded in TSS Crew reporting via Voice Recognition Cars equipped with health sensors Customer tracks shipments EDI, MyReports, email alerts Distribution Car arrives at destination Spot loaded car to customer Crew instructed Work Order generation (TSS) Customer unloads & releases car EDI, Switch & Release Carload

7. 6

8. 7 Communication Channels Transportation Locomotive transports assigned cars AEI – car tags & rail network readers Locomotives equipped with GPS Car & train events recorded in TSS Cars equipped with health sensors Customer tracks shipments EDI, MyReports, email alerts Distribution Car arrives at destination Container/trailer deramped from car Crane (VMU) - OASIS Container/trailer parked Hostler (VMU) – OASIS Notify customer Fax, email, EDI, we-based tools Trucker picks up container/trailer Hub Outgate – Unit checked out Wireless handheld devices Driver self check-out (kiosk) Automated Gate Systems Evaluating RFID & eSeals Intermodal Shipment Initiation Shipping Instructions EDI, Web apps Trucker delivers container/trailer Hub Ingate – Unit checked in Wireless handheld devices Driver self check-in (Kiosk) Automated Gate System OCR Cameras Biometrics – Driver ID Evaluating RFID & eSeals Aggregation Hub Inventory Container / Trailer parked OASIS – Radio Frequency Container / Trailer moved to railcar Hostler (VMU) – OASIS Container/ Trailer ramped to railcar Crane (VMU) - OASIS

9. 8 Intermodal

10. 9 Intermodal – Automated Gate System

11. 10 Intermodal – Optical Character Recognition

12. 11 Communication Recap Past Present Future Paper & Phone Fax and IVR EDI Email Web Tools Scanners Sensors Voice Recognition GPS / ETMS RFID / eSeals OCR / Biometrics Transaction Exchanges Automated Data Capture Asset Tracking & Control Train Service Design Intermodal Hub Moves Equipment Distribution Optimization Partner Collaboration Web based forecasting and execution Advance Planning Alert Subscriptions XML and Web Services Surveys Communication technologies support old and new railroad partners Velocity driving new levels of coordination, communication, and technology

13. 12 ETMS – the Future is Now Digital wireless communication technology Transmit train movement information Locomotives and BNSFs Network Operations Center Integrates and interlocks train information Data from GPS Create a Safety Overlay for train operations Takes in movement related information Authority limits, speed limits, and work zones through both a wi-fi and RF Displays geographically in the locomotive cab

14. 13 ETMS Process Before train leaves terminal: Data transmitted over digital wireless network from NOC to locomotive cab Train consist, movement & speed authorities, track database, work zones As train departs terminal: Locomotive uses GPS in combination w/ geographic track database Determines location on the track Computer integrates downloaded data w/ locomotive position on track to ensure adherence ETMS pings wayside devices along track Low band wireless communication network Checking for broken rails, proper switch alignment, and signal aspect information As train moves: Computer constantly calculates a warning and breaking curve Based on train consist, speed, change in elevation, and upcoming limits Warning curve provides a margin of safety Warn crews to slow or stop train