1. Education in a Global Context February 28, 2008 William H. Schmidt University Distinguished Professor Michigan State University

2. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Elementary Students’ Performance on a Fractions Problem

3. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Elementary & Middle School Students’ Performance on a Fractions Problem

4. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Middle School Students’ Performance on an Algebra Problem

5. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Instructional Content Constructs  Curricular Coherence Curricular Structure  Curricular Focus Exposure Time (OTL)  Curricular Rigor Level of Cognitive Complexity

6. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Top Achieving Countries’ Mathematics Curriculum

7. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education 21 U.S. States’ Mathematics Curriculum

8. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education High School Students’ Performance on a Functions Problem

9. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education High School Students’ Performance on a Mathematics Literacy Problem

10. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Level of First Mathematics Course in High School

11. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Percent of Students Taking Algebra I for the First Time

12. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Amount of Mathematics Across Grades 7-12

13. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Number of Mathematics Courses Offered in 19 Districts

14. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Number of Course Patterns for Meeting High School Mathematics Requirement in 19 Districts

15. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Diagram of Mathematics Course-Taking Sequences in District F

16. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education One course in each: Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, Physics Algebra II/Biology/Chemistry/Physics Less than 30 % of ALL Students Less than 5 % of Voc/Tech Students About 15 % of General Academic Students About 40 % of College Preparatory Students Minimal Standards?

17. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Minimal Standards? One course in each: Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, Physics Algebra II/Biology/Chemistry/Physics Less than 20 % of ALL Black Students Less than 5 % of Black Voc/Tech Students About 11 % of Black General Academic Students About 32 % of Black College Preparatory Students

18. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Teachers Coverage of Mathematics Topics in Two Types of Schools

19. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Mean Level Performance on the Mathematics Knowledge Scale Scores Across the Six Countries

20. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Mean Percent of the Topics Covered in the Preparation Program in Each Country

21. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Percent of First Year College Students in 2-year and 4-year Institutions Requiring Remediation

22. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Those who require remediation in college often fail to earn a degree

23. © 2008 Michigan State University, Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education Many High School Graduates Report Gaps in Their Preparation