1. Memory

2. Atkinson and Shiffrin, (1968) classic model of memory

3. Baddeley, (1992) ‘modern’ model of memory

4. Ebbinhaus’ retention curve
GOV, NUV, LOM, KEL

5. Serial Position Effect
Primacy Effect
Recency Effect
Next-in-line Effect

6. Encoding

7. Mnemonics Peg word Method of loci Chunking
1776, 1812, 1861, 1898, 1917, 1941, 1950, 1963, 1991

8. Storage: Sensory Memory

9. Short-Term/Working Memory
On the next slides you will see a series of numbers. I will also say the numbers out loud. After I say the last number, the numbers will disappear.
Silently, write the numbers, in the exact order, on your paper.

10. 2831

11. 74139

12. 497215

18. STM – The Magic #7 +/- 2
Short-Term Memory – memory that holds onto about seven sensory inputs for about twenty seconds
An experiment in STM:
Look at each of the following words – one at a time – for ONLY two seconds. Silently repeat the word as I say it out loud.
When we have gone through all 15 words, then try to reproduce the words, in the correct order, on the piece of paper.

19. Peach

20. Book

21. Sword

22. Car

23. Enemy

24. Mirror

25. Shoe

26. Thermometer

27. Clock

28. Brick

29. Bed

30. Salt

31. Flower

32. Calendar

33. Airplane

34. Reproduce the list of words in the correct order
Peach
Book
Sword
Car
Enemy
Mirror
Shoe
Thermometer
Clock
Brick
Bed
Salt
Flower
Calendar
Airplane

35. Long-Term Memory

36. A Quick Exercise in LTM
Answer the following questions about everyday things that should be in your LTM
Whose portrait is on the ten dollar bill?
What two letters do not appear on a standard land phone?
What is the color of the top stripe of the American flag?
The bottom stripe?
How many red and how many white stripes does the flag have?

37. Feature
Sensory
Memory
Working Memory
LTM
Encoding
Copy
Phonemic
Semantic
Capacity
Unlimited
7±2 Chunks
Very Large
Duration
0.25 sec.
20 sec.
Years

39. Retrieval Recall vs. Recognition, Part 1
Write down the number of any word that you believe is misspelled.
Acomplishment
Acheivement
Consolidate
Consistant
Reccommend
Maintainance
Write out the word with the correct spelling.

40. Recall vs. Recognition, Part 1I
Accomplishment
Achievement
Consolidate
Consistent
Recommend
Maintenance

41. More recall vs. recognition
On the sheet of paper, write down as many of the names of the seven dwarfs from the Disney version of Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs.

42. Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs
Sniffy Ziggy Happy Skippy
Dopey Stumbly Doc Giggly
Scooby Grumpy Stubby Goofy
Bashful Scrappy Sleepy Snoozy
Bossy Sneezy Wheezy Giggles

43. Watch and listen carefully . . .
G X C O T R L M B W Q

44. Silently, begin counting backwards by threes from 100 until I tell you to stop
G X C O T R L M B W Q

45. Proactive or Retroactive Interference?
Proactive – (forward-acting) the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information
Retroactive – (backward-acting) the disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information