1. Working with Young Adults 18-25 years old
Darryl Turpin MPA, CADC
Pinwheel Group
Louisville, KY

2. Working With 18-24 Year Olds
Objectives:
Understand the thinking, attitudes, and behaviors of young adults in the criminal justice system.
Understand the psychology of emerging adulthood; what is known, and what remains to be known?
Learn new techniques and skills for treating and educating year old.

3. RISK FACTORS AGE (<25) EARLY ONSET OF SUBSTANCE USE(<14)
EARLY ONSET CRIME(<16 YEARS)
PRIOR TX FAILURES
SUBSTANCE USE SEVERITY
CRIMINAL HISTORY
ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER

5. “Habilitation vs. Rehabilitation"
Treatment providers increasingly note that many clients require "habilitation," not simply "rehabilitation." In other words, some addicted persons have not lost functional capacities and skills as a result of their addiction but have, in fact, never acquired them. Many persons, for example, have not acquired the capacity to control impulses or to distinguish between emotional states. Some lack the skills to sustain day-to-day relationships with others, or suffer from Attention Deficit Disorder. The fact that more and more clients suffer from a lack of basic capabilities and skills makes the treatment of the underlying addiction more difficult.

6. Did You Know…
“Very few addictions starts after age 30. Most addiction starts between 18-25”.
Dr. Mark Willenbring M.D.
Director of Treatment & Recovery Research,
National Institute of Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism

7. GALLUP POLL STRESS, ANGER, AND WORRY OCCURS IN THE EARLY 20’S
FEAR, FAILURE, FRUSTRATION , AND
FUTURE

8. THEIR PERCEPTION

9. THEIR LENS (HOW DO THEY SEE US)
UNAWARE
INSENSITIVE
UNWILLING TO LISTEN
UNFAIR
AUTHORITY/THE LAW
MISTRUST

10. THEIR (“Street”) THINKING
I’m Smarter Than You / Manipulative
You Don’t Understand Where I Come From (Great Defense)

11. THEIR “STREET” THINKING
Superopitimism
Here & Now
Physical Strength / Respect
Slick
System
Trusting To Their Environment

12. Locked Mind

13. REAL DEAL
The Bottom Line – a significant number of young adults are having real difficulties. It is more difficult for those with the least resources (economic, psychological & intellectual).
Moreover, efforts to change others’ behaviors without understanding individuals’ reasons for engaging in the behavior are short-sighted and likely to be unsuccessful, especially in the emerging adult population.

14. SURVIVAL MODE
Due to the emotional, spiritual and cultural breakdown with the family, combined with life obstacles, faulty thinking, and a overzealous ID, provides
difficulty
reaching our
young adults.

15. WHAT WORKS BEST PRACTICES
I believe that in order to help people stop negative behavior, individuals must be given judicial motivation, insight, and skills to change. With hope and self-efficacy, we believe the individual can reach the optimal level of achievement. We need to bridge

16. JOHARI WINDOW Dr. Doug Marlowe
PROGNOSTIC RISK
HIGH
LOW
Alternate Track
(Treatment Emphasis)
Non-Compliance Calendar
Substance Abuse Treatment
Adaptive Habilitation
Focus Consequences on Treatment
Prescribed Medication
Standard Drug Court Track
(10 Key Components)
Status Calendar
Substance Abuse Treatment
Pro -Social Habilitation
Adaptive Habilitation
Focus Consequences on Treatment &
Supervision
Prescribed Medication
(Substance Dependence)
HIGH
CRIMINOGENIC NEED
Alternate Track
(Accountability Emphasis)
Status Calendar
Prevention Services
Pro-Social Habilitation
Focus Consequences on Abstinence &
Supervision
Alternate Track
(Diversion Emphasis)
Non-Compliance Calendar
Prevention Services
Focus Consequences on Abstinence
(Substance Abuse)
LOW

17. REPECT SCALE
African American Adolescent Respect Scale (AAARS). Dr. Joy Leary
a. 20 Questions – Arrested Development –
Prefrontal Cortex
b. Access Youth Attitudes Toward Respect
c. The instrument was developed using four groups of items that dealt with “prosocial” attitudes toward respect. The four areas included:
Family
Peer Group
Society (part 1) Institutions
Society (part 2) Culture
Respect has been an essential part of African and African American culture.
The African American Adolescent Respect Scale has been developed to assess
youths’ attitudes toward respect. * The original study looked at the relationship of
respect and the use of violence among young African American males.
The AAARS instrument was developed using four groups of items that dealt with
‘prosocial’ attitudes towards respect. The four areas included:
• Family
• Peer Group
• Society (part 1) Institutions
• Society (part 2) Culture
Family
The items developed to address the family sphere of influence looks at the issue of
esteem as it relates to membership within the family.
Peer Group
These set of items reflect how a youth might assert a need to demand respect
inclusive of the use of aggression or intimidation. The Peer Respect scale items are
reverse scored to reflect the lack of perceived respect resulting in readiness to act
aggressively towards peers in an effort to control their potential disrespectful
behavior.
Societal (part 1)
This domain measures the degree to which the adolescent felt respected when
integrating with institutions such as businesses and public and private agencies or
organizations.
Societal (part 2)
This domain measures the degree to which the 17

18. Question???
What is the strongest predictor of
Change?

19. THERAPUETIC RELATIONSHIP The Answer… A
Carl Rogers stated that in order for change to happen “is we have to create an environment for change. Change can happen…everyone has the capacity for change/growth”. IT HAS STOOD THE TEST OF TIME!!! WITHOUT A THERAPUETIC RELATIONSHIP THE PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS GOES DOWN DRAMATICALLY. Make Appropriate Alignment w/them to Gain Trust

20. CHANGE PERCEPTION Strength Model Study Them/and Their Culture
Teach Them To Survive In Their Own Environment
LISTEN
TRAUMA
LION KING - SYMBA

21. TECHNIQUES/SKILLS
RESPECT ENTHUSIASM STRUCTURE EDUCATE TIME HARMONY ADDRESS THEM Point Out Conflict Intrinsic Before Extrinsic Cognitive Restructuring Genuine Concern/Accurate Empathy

22. TECHNIQUES/SKILLS CONTINUE
Give them a VOICE
Understanding
Unconditional Positive Regards
Attention
Allow Resistance
Encourage Them

23. More Solutions Capture their Strengths Challenge their Beliefs System
Teach them to Deal w/Frustration & Anger
Allow Appropriate Anger
Make Suggestions & Provide Guidance
Give Assignments for Peer Learning
Inform them about criminal justice system
Instill HOPE
VISION

24. Ambivalence
Deal with Ambivalence. See Ambivalence as “the gasoline” in the change process…it is the catalyst for natural change.

25. Motivational Interviewing
ESTABLISH RAPPORT (INTEREST)
USE APPROPRIATE OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS
Can you tell me where does your marijuana fit into all this?
May I ask about your use of alcohol?
ASK ABOUT THE GOOD THINGS

26. H.E.A.T. Habilitation Empowerment Accountability Therapy Copyright ©
Copyright © Pinwheel Group
Copyright ©

27. Mentoring should be a strong component of programs that hope to impact the behavior of drug users/ sellers

28. An Entrepreneur Model for Young Drug Dealers… Drug dealers in the Louisville, Kentucky Drug Court Program were involved in an entrepreneur/mentor program. Participants were matched with local business owners from “100 Black Men”. Participants learned how to develop a business from the ground up. Upon completion of a business plan, the mentor agency provided the participants with start-up money to open a business.

29. Open to positive leadership -looking for positive mentorship
100 Black Men
Black Fraternities
Men’s Faith-based Groups
Men in Recovery
Treatment Alumni

30. Questions Contact: Darryl Turpin MPA, CADC Pinwheel Group

31. SPONSOR’S NOTE
This project was supported by Grant No DC-BX-K004 awarded by the Bureau of Justice Assistance. The Bureau of Justice Assistance is a component of the Office of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the SMART Office, and the Office for Victims of Crime. Points of view or opinions in this document are those of the author and do not represent the official position or policies of the United States Department of Justice